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Cells (Eukaryotes (Organelles & Structures (Cytoplasm (Endoplasmic…

- - - - Nuclear membrane
        
        controls what goes in/out
      - Chromosome
        
        genetic material
      - Nucleolus
        
        Makes ribosomes
    - - Endoplasmic Recticulum
        
        rough = channelnf materials for making proteins, studded with ribosomes,
        
        smooth = membranes chanel materials for fats
      - Ribosome
        
        molecular machine for protein production
      - Golgi Apparatus
        
        perfects proteins from ER and packets them for export out of cell
      - Mitochondria
        
        takes energy from sugar bonds, turns it into ATP which is used by cells for energy
      - Lysosome
        
        membrane with digestive enzymes
      - Chloroplast
        
        responsible for executing photosythesis
      - vacuole
        
        bubbles for food/water storeage
      - centrioles
        
        cytoskeleton anchor points, used in cell division, look like curros
    - - Microtubule
        
        large tube supporting cell, roads for motor proteins
      - Microfilaments
        
        small fibers upporting cell
      - Phospholipid bilayer
        
        Stucture
        
        hydrophilic heads
        
        hydrophobic tails
        
        embedded proteins
        
        helps with immune system
        
        transport, active & facilitated
        
        cholesterol
        
        stabalizes membrne fluid9ity
        
        Active Transport
        
        passive = no energy
        
        simple diffusion = goes through cell membrane, follow gradient, small non-polar
        
        facilitated = protein allowing passage, larger with polarity
        
        osmosis = water through semi-permeable membrane to more solutes
        
        hypertonic = cell in concentrated liquid, water moves out
        
        hypotonic = cell has high concentration, water moves in
        
        isotonic = equal
        
        against concentration gradient, needs energy
        
        pump = pushes things in/out, to large for protein channel