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Cells (Cell Transport (Active (Endocytosis (Endocytosis is a type of…

- - - - eat Chemicals
    - - eat / produce sugar
- - - - multi-cellular organisms
    - - multi-cellular, chloroplast
    - - Single celled
    - - Have cell walls
  - - - Nuclear Membrane
        
        Chromatin
      - Chromosomes
        
        Genetic Material
      - Nucleolus
        
        Makes ribosomes
    - - Endoplasmic rectium
        
        Smooth ER
        
        Doesn't have ribosomes
        
        Rough Er
        
        Ribosomes
      - Ribosomes
        
        Molecular machines to make protiens, just a stuctuer
      - Mitochondria
        
        ATP, pulls out sugar
      - Golgi Apparatus
        
        manages exports of protiens
      - Lysosomes
        
        Mostly in animals
      - Chloroplast
        
        In Plants
      - Centrioles
        
        In animals
      - Vacoule
        
        In plants
    - - Microtubles
        
        Spiral strands of protein molecules that form a tubelike structure
      - Phospholipids Sturcture
        
        Phospholipids consist of a glycerol molecule, two fatty acids, and a phosphate group that is modified by an alcohol.
      - Microfilaments
        
        Fine, threadlike proteins found in the cell's cytoskeleton
      - Phospholipid Bilayer
        
        a two-layered arrangement of phosphate and lipid molecules that form a cell membrane, the hydrophobic lipid ends facing inward and the hydrophilic phosphate ends facing outward.
      - Cholesterol
        
        a fatty substance that travels through the blood and is found in all parts of the body
      - Embedded Proteins
        
        Embedded proteins are the proteins of the cell membrane which are completely embedded in the bilayer of phospholipids and have hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions. The region touching the hydrophobic tails are ought to be hydrophobic region where as the region of the protein exposed to the watery environment are the hydrophilic regions.
- - - - Endocytosis is a type of active transport in which a cell takes in a macromolecule, such as a protein or polysaccharide, or a even another cell. In this process, the cell membrane engulfs the substance by pinching inward, forming a vesicle around the substance, which is brought into the cell.
    - - Exocytosis is a type of active transport in which a cell a cell expells a macromolecule, such as a hormone or an enzyme, or cellular waste. In this process the Golgi body packages the molecule into a vacuole, which then fuses with the cell membrane, spilling its contents into the area surrounding the cell.
  - - - Osmosis
        
        Travels with concentration gradient
        
        Facilitated Diffusion
        
        Facilitated diffusion is a form of facilitated transport involving the passive movement of molecules along their concentration gradient, guided by the presence of another molecule – usually an integral membrane protein forming a pore or channel.
        
        Facilitated diffusion does not directly involve high-energy molecules like adenosine triphosphate (ATP) or guanosine triphosphate (GTP) since the molecules are moving along their concentration gradient.
        
        Movement of water to where solute is more concentrated
        
        Isotonic
        
        denoting or relating to a solution having the same osmotic pressure as some other solution, especially one in a cell or a body fluid.
        
        Hypotonic
        
        having a lower osmotic pressure than a particular fluid, typically a body fluid or intracellular fluid.
        
        Hypertonic
        
        having a higher osmotic pressure than a particular fluid, typically a body fluid or intracellular fluid.
      - Simple diffusion is the process by which solutes are moved along a concentration gradient in a solution or across a semipermeable membrane.