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BIGUANIDES eg METFORMIN (ADVERSE EFFECTS (ALLERGIC REACTION, HYPOGLYCEMIA,…
BIGUANIDES eg METFORMIN
DEFINATION
IT IS SUITABLE FOR PATIENTS WITH NON-INSULIN-INDEPEDENCY
TYPE II AS IT LOWERS BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVELS
INDICATIONS
PREDIABETES
PREVENT OR DELAY TYPE II DIABETES
TYPE II DIABETES MALLETUS
TO IMPROVE GLYCEMIC LEVELS
POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME
DECREASES TESTOSTERONE AND INSULIN IN WOMEN WITH PCOS
ANTIPSYCHOTIC INDUCED WEIGHT GAIN
MANAGES WEIGHT WITH PATIENTS WITH MOOD DISORDERS
AND A STRATEGY FOR PREVENTION FOR PSYCHOTIC WEIGHT GAIN
DOSAGE
NO STANDARD DOSE HYPERGLYCEMIA FOR PATIENT
DOSE FOR GLUCOSE-LOWERING EFFICY RANGES 500-2000mg
WITH TYPE II DIABETES AS IT SIGNIFICANT AT DOSES AT 1500-2000mg
CONTRA-INDCATIONS
CHRONIC KIDNEY FAILURE
HEPATIC FAILURE AND CIRRHOS
CARDIAC FAILURE
RESPIRATORY INSUFFICIENCY
ADVERSE EFFECTS
ALLERGIC REACTION
HYPOGLYCEMIA
LACTIC ACIDOSIS
ALTERED TASTE
NUSEA AND VOMITING
GASTROINTESTINAL INTOLERANCE
MECHANISM OF ACTION
INHIBITS GLUCONEOGENESIS
REDUCES GLUCOSE RELEASE FROM THE LIVER
STIMULATE INTAKE OF GKUCOSE INTO MUSCLE
REDUCES GLUCOSE ABSORPTION FROM THE GIT