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Research Design (Popular Research Designs (Experimental studies; intended…
Research Design
Popular Research Designs
Experimental studies; intended to test cause-effect relationships (hypotheses) in a tightly controlled setting. For instance, an experiment to test the efficacy of a new drug in treating a certain ailment, random sample of people afflicted with the ailment, randomly assign them to one of two groups, administer the drug to subjects in the treatment group, but only a placebo.
Secondary data analysis; an analysis of data that has previously been collected and tabulated by other sources. Such data may include data from government agencies such as employment statistics from the US Bureau of Labor, publicly available third-party data i.e. data from stock markets
Field surveys; non-experimental designs that do not control for or manipulate independent variables or treatments, but measure these variables and test their effects using statistical methods. Capture snapshots of practices, beliefs, or situations from a random sample of subjects through a survey questionnaire or a structured interview.
Case research; an in-depth investigation of a problem in one or more real-life settings (case sites) over an extended period of time. Data may be collected using a combination of interviews, personal observations, and internal or external documents.
Focus group research; is a type of research that involves bringing in a small group of subjects (typically 6 to 10 people) at one location, and having them discuss a phenomenon of interest for a period of 1.5 to 2 hours. Led by a trained facilitator; more suited for exploratory research, not used for explanatory or descriptive research
Action research; assumes that complex social phenomena are best understood by introducing interventions or "actions" into those phenomena and observing the effects of those actions. The researcher is usually a consultant or an organizational member embedded within a social context such as organization, who initiates an action
Ethnography; an interpretive design that emphasizes that research phenomenon must be studied within the context of its culture. (8 months to 2 years), and during that period engages, observes, and records, the daily life of he studied culture, and theorizes about the evolution and behaviors in that culture.
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Research design is a comprehensive plan for data collection in an empirical research project. It is a "blueprint" for empirical research aimed at answering specific research questions or testing specific hypotheses.
3 processes: the data collection, instrument development, and the sampling process