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Science (Nutrition (Circulatory System (Circulatory Sysstem (Blood (Blood)…

- - - - Blood
        
        Blood
        
        Arteries
        
        Carry the blood back to the heart. This blood contains CARBON DIOXIDE.
        
        Veins
        
        Are tiny blood vessels which connect the arteries and the veins. They have very thin walls so gases and nutrients can easily pass through them to the cells.
        
        Capillaries
        
        Carry blood from the heart to the rest of the body. This blood contains OXYGEN.
      - Circulation
      - Heart
        
        The heart is a hollow muscle which pumps blood through the body. It usually beats between 60 and 100 times per minute, but can go much faster when it has to. When we do exercise, our bodies need more oxygen, so our heart beats faster.
        
        The heart is made up of four chambers inside a thick muscular wall. The top two chambers are called the right and left ATRIA; they receive blood coming into the heart. The bottom part of the heart is made up of the right and left VENTRICLES.
        
        The atria and the ventricles are separated by valves which prevent blood from flowing backwards.
  - - - The oesophagus
        
        The tongue shapes the food into a ball called a bolus. When we swallow, the bolus passes into the oesophagus, which is a stretchy tube that links the back of the throat with the stomach. There is a special flat part at the back of the tongue, called the muscle in the wall of the oesophagus slowly squeeze the food down to the stomach.
      - The nose and the mouth
        
        Our sense of smell triggers the production of saliva in our mouth. This helps the teeth to crush food as we chew it and is the first step in the process of digestion.
      - The stomach
        
        The role of the stomach is to break down food. It does this by using its strong muscular walls and excreting gastric juices which mix the bolus and kill dangerous bacteria.
      - The small intestine
        
        Once the food is dissolved into a liquid, it passes into the small intestine. Here it mixes with bile, which is produced by the liver, and pancreatic juices, which are produced by the pancreas. The food mixture is broken down into proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals and fats. These nutrients pass through the walls of the small intestine and are absorbed into the blood.
      - The large intestine
        
        The waste that our body does not need passes to the large intestine. Here, water from this waste is absorbed into the blood. The solid waste leaves our body through the anus.
  - - - Respiratory System
- - - - Fertilization
        
        Before a new human can start to grow, a sperm and an egg or ovule must join up. We called this fertilisation.
        
        Fertilisation occurs when an egg cell and a sperm unite in the Fallopian tubes or in the uterus.
        
        The fertilised egg grows inside the mother’s uterus. After about nine months the baby is ready to be born.
        
        The first cell has all the DNA of the two parents and is called zygote. The zygote divides various times and forms embryo. The embryo is implanted in the wall of the uterus.
    - - Pregnancy is the set of changes that happen from fertilisation until the new baby is born. A pregnancy lasts nine months. During this time, the developing baby is called fetus. The foetus develops inside the uterus. The mother ́s body changes during this period.
- - - - Nervous Sistem
      - Senses
        
        Touch
        
        Skin and touch
        
        The skin is the organ where the sense of touch is located. With this sense we can perceive different types of sensations such as the shape and texture of objetcs, pressure, heat and cold.
        
        In the skin are the receptors of the sense of touch. These receptors are attached to nerves through which information reaches te brain.
        
        The tongue and the sense of taste
        The tongue is the organ of the sense of taste. Through the tongue we perceive the flavors. On the surface of the tongue are the taste buds, which are small bulges that contain the receptors of the flavors.
        
        Seen
        
        The eyes and the sense of sight
        The eyes are the organs of the sense of sight. It´s function is to capture the light. With them we can perceive colours, shapes and distances. The information that reaches the retina receptors travels to the brain through the optic nerve. The brain receives the information and interprets it.
        
        The tonge and the sense of taste
        
        Ears
        
        Ears and hearing
        
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  - - - Imagine trying to kick a ball without swinging your leg or trying to throw a ball with an arm that was as wiggly as a rope. Getting your body to move the way you want it to requires joints, bones, and muscles. If you didn't have joints, you couldn't bend your leg to kick a ball. If you didn't have bones, your arm would be as floppy as a rope. And without muscles, you couldn't move at all.Together, your muscles, bones, and joints are referred to as your musculoskeletal system, and their job is to provide support and movement for your body.