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Animal Farm: Chapters 3-4 (Chapter 4 (News Spreads about success on Animal…
Animal Farm: Chapters 3-4
Chapter 3
Social Classes become more obvious
Pigs are the only ones who suggest resolutions on Sunday meetings
On Sundays there is no work, they have breakfast later, the flag (green to represent the fields and with a hoof and horn to signify “the future Republic of the Animals”) is hoisted and the animals go to “the Meeting".
Pigs set up their own "headquarters" and separate themselves from other animals.
Behave superior
It's revealed that the pigs did take the milk and apples.
Squealer tries to justify this
Propaganda
- says pigs did it for the benefit of the farm. Need milk and apples for their "well-being" as they are "brainworkers".
Fear
- threatens them with the farm's failure if pigs can't work properly
Animals are unhappy at the start of the revolution
Work on the farm is tough but the rewards are worth it
The animals work hard and feel that the rewards are worth it. Boxer works so hard that he “seemed like three horses rather than one”, he gets up earlier than the other animals and his motto is “I will work harder!”
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"perfect unity" is not easy as some animals do not put Animalism first
Mollie wakes up late and leaves work early - she has a "stone in her hoof"
The cat is hardly ever seen doing work, only seen at meal times
Napoleon and Snowball disagree on nearly every issue
Snowball wants to educate the animals, Napoleon wants to focus on the young.
Napoleon takes no interest in this and instead focuses on “the education of the young”.
Napoleon takes away nine puppies from their mothers to become “responsible for their education
Napoleon has "no interest" in Snowball's committees, developing his own agenda
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In general, these committees are “a failure”. Boxer “could not get beyond the letter D”. The other animals on the farm can’t “get further than the letter A” and Snowball has to reduce the commandments to “a single maxim [...] the essential principle of Animalism” for them to remember: “Four legs good, two legs bad.”
Milk and Apples is a key turning point
First time the pigs use their authority openly
First time Squealer uses propaganda to control thoughts of the animals.
Nobody confronts the pigs
Orwell shows the pigs as becoming more like the human masters - in this instance the pigs treat the animals worse than Jones did.
Chapter 4
The Battle of the Cowshed
Jones, his men attempt to recapture Animal Farm. The animals were prepared for this and Snowball, after studying “Julius Caesar’s campaigns” was “in charge of defence operations”
When the animals charge, “Snowball [is] at the head of them”, and “he himself dashed straight for Jones”.
Snowball is a dedicated leader in battle and is willing to sacrifice himself for Animal Farm; he is ruthlessly committed to Animalism and Animal Farm.
Interestingly and importantly, Napoleon is not mentioned throughout the battle.
Trotsky was a great strategist, and led Russian army to many victories.
Snowball vs Boxer
When Boxer thinks that he has killed a stable-lad, Snowball says “The only good human being is a dead one!”
Snowball's commitment is ruthless; willing to be violent to achieve his principles,
We see Boxer’s kindness and gentleness, even though he has so much physical strength and power.
Medals
After the battle, Snowball reminds all the animals that they must be “ready to die for Animal Farm”.
Uses sheep's death to do this.
Snowball and Boxer awarded “Animal Hero, First Class”, and “Animal Hero, Second Class” is awarded to the dead sheep.
By awarding Boxer this medal, the pigs are reinforcing their control over him, also urges other animals to be like Boxer: loyal and obedient.
Medals separate the animals into classes, reinforcing the idea of inequality, as opposed to equality.
News Spreads about success on Animal Farm
Other farms and farmers hear about the success of Animal Farm.
Frederick and Pilkington try to spread wicked rumours about what the animals do on the farm, but the words and 'Beasts of England' spreads and small acts of rebellion happen on other farms.
These acts are cruelly suppressed by the farmers.
Pigeons spread the news
Humans presented as cruel and hypocritical - Man treats animals badly everywhere, justifies rebellion.
Trotsky wanted to spread news about the revolution as far as possible, like Snowball does.