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5.4 Forests and Deforestation (Forests (Primary/Old Forests (Secondary…
5.4 Forests and Deforestation
Forests
Primary/Old Forests
Secondary Growth Forests
Come from ecological succession
Tend to be tree plantations
High Biodiversity
Tropical forests contain 1/2 of the world's known species and are down by half. They also absorb 1/3 of all CO2 in the atmosphere
Undisturbed by people and natural disasters
1 and 2 largest in Brazil and Russia (Tropical and Northern Arboreal)
Resources for bio-fuel, industrial uses, and medicine
Forest Destruction
Deforestation
Rise in CO2 levels
More floods, water pollution, soil degradation
Habitat and species loss
Logging
Clear cutting
Forests might not regenerate
Soil erosion
Biome change to desertification or savanna or grassland
Forest Fires
Crown Fires
Large fires that burn everything down
Surface Fires
Smaller scale fires that don't reach the taller trees so they sruvive. Burn mostly tree litter and small plants. Essential to ecosystems like savannas
Caused directly by lightning and storms, indirectly due to climate change and global warming. Suppressing smaller fires, habitat fragmentation, and residential expansion contribute too.
Habitat Fragmentation
Edge effect
Causes isolation in populations, prevents migration and gene flow
Invasive species come due to climate change and disrupt environment