Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
leaves (other leaf types. morphology and anatomy (conifers (sclerophyllous…
leaves
other leaf types. morphology and anatomy
succulents
desert plants
thick
reduced
surface-to-volume ratio
water conservation
reduced capacity for
CO2 uptake
fleshy
inside
mesophyll
few spaces
reduced
internal explorative surface area
water loss
stomata
transparent
deep light penetration
photosynthesis
Sclerophyllous foliage leaves
more sugar
than used in construction/metabolism
prolonged productivity
sclerenchyma
below
epidermis
thick cell walls
bundle sheath
cuticle
thick
waxy
resilient
animals
fungi
freezing
UV light
conifers
sclerophyllous
cuticle
thick
epidermis
hypodermis
unpalatable chemicles
simple
long
broad
large
short
small
scale like
photosynthetic
flat
parennial
new phlowm
no new xylem
Bud scales
protect
dormant shoot apical merosthem
low temperatures
winter
wind
dryness
tough
waxy
small
rarely compound
spines
cacti
modified leaves
auxillary buds
protective
closely compact fibers
lignin in cell walls
hard
resistant to decay
absent
mesophyll
vascular tissue
tendrils
grow indefinitely
sensing cells
coiling
support
insect traps
digestion
insects
nitrogen
amino acids
nucleotides
epidermis
absorption
trap
external structure of foliage leaves
leaf blade
flat
harvests light
lamina
surfacees
dorsal
lower side
large vein protrusions
adaxial side
ventral
upper side
usually smooth
ambaxial
types
simple
one-part blade
compound
blade divided into individual parts
leaflets
small blades
attached by
petiolule
extention of petiole
to
rachis
leaflets attached to
same point
plmately
individual pts
along rachis
pinately
petiole
stalk
may be absent
small
very thin
no risk of self shading
sessile leaf
narrow
sheathing leaf base
leaf base wraps around stem
long
self shading
base
tapered
petiolate
holds blade
insect deturant
brings fresh air to surface
cools leaf
blades flutter in wind
petiole is
flexible
thin
long
prevents self shading
into light
veins
bundles of vascular tissue
distribute water
stem
into
leaf
xylem
collect sugars
produced by photosynethsis
carry away for
stem
storage
use
phloem
within leaf
venation
reticulate
nettled pattern
basal angeosperms
eudicots
parallel
run side-by side
monocots
long
strap-shaped
few obvious connections
abscission zone
leaf base
usually in pediole
perpendicular to pediole
cut off leaf
leaf scar
protective
formed by
corky
cells
adjacent
internal structure of foliage leaves
epidermis
waterproof
water loss
transpiration
serious problems
translucent
types
leaf
consists of
guard cells
trichomes
nonglandular
glandular
epidermal cells
flat
ordinary
tubular
cutin
waxy coating
insect deturant
fungus deturant
stem
dorsiventral nature
differing microclimates
lower
many stomata
1 more item...
upper
few-none stomata
1 more item...
tricomes
4 more items...
CO2 intake
mesophyll
#
ground tissue
interior to epidermis
palisade parenchyma
upper area
photosynthetic tissue
horizontally held
cells separated slightly
surface area
CO2 diffusion
cytoplasm
1 more item...
thickness
1 layer, usually
3-4 layers
intense sunlight
spongey mesophyll
lower area
loose
open
aerenchyma
rapid diffusion of CO2
1 more item...
horizontally held
vertically held
palisade parenchyma
equally functional
either side
vascular tissue
between
palisade perinchemya
midrib/midvein
branch into
minor veins
release H2O
xylem
2 more items...
load sugar
phloem
2 more items...
mass of fibers
underneath and/or above
2 more items...
conduction
spongey mesophyll
petiole
#
transition
stem
lamina
epidermis similar to
lamina
few
stomata
tricohmes
composition
cortex
somewhat compact
not aerenchymotous
collenchyma
supportive
heavy lamina
vascular tissue
1,,3,5+ vascular bundles
#
leaf traces
branch from
stem vascular bundles
diverge toward
3 more items...
stipules
2 small flaps
protect shoot apical merostem
contribute to photosynthesis
initiation and development
Basal angiosperm and eudicots
produced by
apical meristem
base of meristem
interior to protoderm
outward growth
leaf primordium
extends upward
2 more items...
leaf protoderm
1 more item...
leaf ground meristem
1 more item...
cells at edge of protoderm
initiate lamina
leaf initiation
annuals
summer
perenials
autum
summer
monocots
apical merostem
leaf primordium
growth upward
hood-like shape
sheathing leaf base
original conical
rise to
lamina
cilinder
encircles
shoot apex
new stem tissue
next leaf primordium
tube inside
previous leaf's sheath
basal expansion
2 more items...
modification of mesophyll
vascular tissue cont.
petiole in use
