Developmental Stages in Problem-Solving Groups
When it comes to solving problems in groups, research shows that the shortest distance to a solution isn't always a straight line. In the orientation stage, members approach the problems and one another tentatively. Rather than state their own position clearly and unambiguously, they test out possible ideas cautiously and rather politely. After members understand the problem and become acquainted, a successful groups enter the conflict stage. Members take strong positions and defend them against those who oppose their viewpoints.
After a period of conflict, effective groups move to an emergence stage. One idea might emerge as the best one, or the group might combine the best parts of several plans into a new solution. Finally, an effective group reaches the reinforcement stage. At this point not only do members accept the group's decision, they also endorse it. Even if members disagree with the outcome, they do not voice their concerns. Ongoing groups can expect to move through this four-stage process with each new issue, such that their interaction takes on cyclic pattern.