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Heard Sarah- Cardiovascular (Blood flow (superior and inferior enter right…
Heard Sarah- Cardiovascular
Major components of blood
white blood cells
help your body fight infections
platelets
stick together and build a clot on bleeding wounds
Red blood cells
transports oxygen to organ's in body
Major functions of cardiovascular
heart pumps blood
blood vessels circulate blood to all parts of body
delivers oxygen and nutrients to remove carbon dioxide and other waste products
removes carbon dioxide and other waste
Anatomy of Heart
Chambers
Left Ventricle
discharges blood to the rest of the body
Left atrium
receives blood from the lungs
right atrium
receives blood from the res of the body
right ventricle
discharges blood lungs
Valves
Atrioventricular valves
between syria and ventricles
semilunar valves
between ventricle and atery
Heart wall
Myocardium
middle, thick muscle layer
Endocardium
Inner lining
Epicardium
outer connective tissue layer
Layers of Heart
pericardium
double serous membrane
parietal pericardium
outside layer
pericardial cavity
created by two layers of pericardium; filled w/ fluid
Blood flow
superior and inferior enter right atrium with deoxygenated blood
deoxygenated blood goes through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle
deoxygenated blood then flows out through the pulmonary valve into the pulmonary arteries into the lungs to get oxygenated
oxygenated blood then flows into the pulmonary veins into the left atrium
then the blood flows through the bicuspid valve into the left ventricle
oxygenated blood then flows through the semilunar valve into the aorta and flows throughout the body
Blood vessels
Veins
carry low pressure blood
contains many mini valves to prevent back flow
thinner tunica media; lager lumen
blood moved "milking" action of muscles to help move blood
Arteries
thickest layer (tunica media); small lumen(space the inside blood layer)
carry high pressure blood
blood moved by pumping action of the heart
Capillaries
connect arteries and veins
thin walls allow oxygen, nutrients, carbon dioxide, and other waste to pass to and from cells
removes waste carries blood away
Major arteries& Veins
Arteries
Pulmonary trunk
leave right ventricle to lungs branch into pulmonary arteries
Vena Cava
Superior
receives deoxygenated blood from head & upper body
Inferior
receives deoxygenated blood from lower half of body
Aorta
leaves left ventricle to rest of body
Veins
Pulmonary veins
enter left atrium from lungs
Disorders
Myocardial
lack of blood supply to the myocardium
Murmur
abnormal or irregular heart sounds; can be caused by valve stenosis
valve stenosis- defect in valves failing to open which makes heart pump harder
Angina pectoris
chest pain from lack of blood to heart muscle
Varicose veins
swollen veins and twisted veins caused by when valves in veins do not work& cause back flows or pooling of blood
Pericarditis
inflammation of pericardium (outer layer of heart)
Fibrillation
rapid inconsistant rhythmique of the heart prevents heart from acting as pump
ECG
traces to flow of current through the heart
P wave
small and signals the depolarization
QRS complex
results from the depolarization
T wave
results from currents flowing during the repolarization