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60 year old female obesity DMII Heart attacks BP issues (Downstream…
60 year old
female
obesity
DMII
Heart attacks
BP issues
Downstream
Failed mitral valve:
Extra strain on heart
LV gets bigger and weakens heart
Causes shortness of breath
heart palpitations
Complications:
Heart failure
A-fib
pulmonary hypertension
Effects on respiratory, urinary, and nervous systems:
Respiratory: low O2, lungs increase breathing rate to make up for loss of oxygen.
Urinary: Decrease bloods flow decreases kidney function
Nervous: causes imbalance in the automatic nervous system
Upstream
Indirect:
Obesity and DMII
Direct:
The mitral valve not working.
Background
Anatomy of the heart
Atria (2) upper Chambers: receives blood
Ventricles (2) lower chambers: releases blood
Epicardium: protective layer
Myocardium: muscle of heart
Endocardium: protects inside valves & chambers
Pathway of blood:
RA receives deoxygenated blood
RA contracts & blood passes to the RV
RV fills with blood & pumps blood to the lungs
Fresh O2 blood returns to LA
LA contracts pushing blood to the LV
LV fills with blood and pushes it back out to the body through the aorta
Relationship of BP and heart function
Heart function moves blood through the body which plays a big role in BP as it is the measurement of the pressure the blood is flowing
papillary muscles are attached to valves
which help contract the heart and move blood
Opening and closing of the valves make the “lubb-dub” noise