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AlexiaCastillo Ch27 (comparison of the three domains of life (initiator…
AlexiaCastillo Ch27
comparison of the three domains of life
initiator amino acid for protein synthesis
Archaea
- methionine
Eukarya
- methionine
Bacteria
- formerly methionine
introns in genes
Archaea
- present in some genes
Eukarya
- present in some genes
Bacteria
- very rare
RNA polymers
Archaea
- several kinds
Eukarya
- several kinds
Bacteria
- one kind
membrane in lipids
Archaea
- some branched hydrocarbons
Eukarya
- unbranched hydrocarbons
Bacteria
- unbranched hydrocarbons
response to the antibiotics streptomycin and chloramphenicol
Archaea
- growth not inhibited
Eukarya
- growth not inhibited
Bacteria
- growth usually inhibited
peptidoglycan in cell wall
Archaea
- absent
Eukarya
- absent
Bacteria
- present
histones associated with DNA
Archaea
- present in some species
Eukarya
- present
Bacteria
- absent
membrane enclosed organelles
Archaea
- absent
Eukarya
- present
Bacteria
- absent
circular chromosomes
Archaea
- present
Eukarya
- absent
Bacteria
- present
nuclear envelope
Archaea
- absent
Eukarya
- present
Bacteria
- absent
growth at temperatures >100C
Archaea
- some species
Eukarya
- no
Bacteria
- no
comparison of prokaryotic and eukaryotic
eukaryotic
plasma membrane (outer covering) separates the cells interior from its surroundings
cytoplasm, has a jelly like region within cell in which other cellular components are found
membrane bound nucleus and other membrane bound compartments or sacs called organelles
DNA (genetic material)
contains nucleus and presence of membrane
Ribosomes, synthesize proteins
prokaryotic
simple singled celled (unicellular)organisms, lacks a nucleus, or any other membrane- bound organelle
plasma membrane (outer covering) separates the cells interior from its surroundings
DNA (genetic material)
cytoplasm, has a jelly like region within cell in which other cellular components are found
Ribosomes, synthesize proteins
DNA found in the central part of the cell
prokaryote cell
eukaryotic cell
major nutritional modes (pg 580)
heterotroph
photoheterotroph
Carbon Source
- organic compounds
Types of Organisms
- unique to certain aquatic and salt loving prokaryotes
Energy Source
- light
chemoheterotroph
Carbon Source
- organic compounds
Types of Organisms
- many prokaryotes and protists, fungi, animals and some plants
Energy Source
- organic compounds
autotroph
photoautotroph
Carbon Source
- CO2, HCO3, or related compound
Energy Source
- light
Types of Organisms
- photosynthetic prokaryotes plants, certain protists
chemoautotroph
Carbon Source
- CO2, HCO3, or related compund
Energy Source
- inorganic chemicals
Types of Organisms
- unique to certain prokaryotes
