Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
The Fifteenth Century I: 1400-1450 The Sweet English Sound and The…
The Fifteenth Century I: 1400-1450 The Sweet English Sound and The Renaissance
1) What is the Sweet English Sound? How did it find its way to the Continent?
The Normans are Vikings
Occupied France in early 10th century
Were very war-affiliated
Contenance Angloise
Guise or quality
Harmonic 3rds and 6ths
Simple melodies
Regular phrasing, syllabic text setting, homorhythmic textures
11th - 13th centuries: Alliance between England and France
1066, The Norman Conquest of England
English composers wrote in all the Notre Dame genres, but with its distinctive features
Influence from English folk polyphony: common use of harmonic thirds in parallel motion
Borrowed the voice exchange from Perotinus organum
Related terms:
Rondellus: an elaborate form of voice exchange
Triplum: abc
Duplum: cab
Tenor: bca
Faburden: improvised English polyphony on Latin texts
Fa + Burden (an english term for the lowest voice, also means refrain)
Plainchant in the middle voice, upper voice 4th above, lower voice parallel 3rd, forming a 6/3 sonority
Beginning and cadence: 5th below
Middle line is original melody
Bottom Line (3rd below)
6th above to top line
Top line (4th above)
Carol
An English polyphonic genre in the 15th century
Setting for 2 or 3 voices of a poem, in English, or Latin, or mixture of the two
Contrasts of texture between 2 and 3-part and unison singing
Each refrain
2) Who is the most prominent composer of the first half of the 15th century?
John Dunstable
Preeminent English composer in 1st half of 15th century
3 voice sacred works
Paraphrase: a new technique where a chant is elaborated in the top voice (cantus) given a rhythm and ornamented by adding notes around those of the chant
Dunstable’s style: Constant rhythmic change, stepwise movement mixed with 3rds
International style
Developed in early 15th century through synthesizing elements from English, French, and Italian traditions
Set the music of the 15th century apart from that of the 14th century
Articulated by Elmish composer Johanne Tinctoris in his treatise Liber de arte contrapuncti
3) How did the Sweet English Sound relate to the musical aesthetics in the Renaissance?
International Style
developed in early 15th century through synthesizing elements from English, French, and Italian traditions.
The New Counterpoint
core of the international style, reflecting high value placed on beauty, order, and pleasing the senses.
marks the beginning of the Renaissance period of music (1400-1600)
Characteristics:
preference for consonance (3rds, 6ths, 5ths, and octaves)
strict control of dissonance
avoidance of parallel 5ths and octaves
Renaissance Period (1400-1600)
Hunanism
Strongest intellectual movement of the Renaissance
The study of the humanities, things pertaining to human knowledge
In opposition to Scholaticism
Emphasized the study of grammar, rhetoric, poetry, history, and moral philosophy
Faith in Hunan dignity and nobility
Capacity to understand reality through senses
Capacity to improve our condition through our own efforts