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5.7 Protecting Aquatic Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (How to Protect…
5.7 Protecting Aquatic Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services
Harder to protect
Eco footprint/fishpriint are expanding too fast to track
Most dmg not visible to ppl
Ocean is seen as an inexhaustible resource
How to Protect Marine Biodiversity?
Laws, sanctuaries, managing fisheries, subsidies, sustainable consumption
Hard to enforce or follow certain treaties since ocean is seen as an open-resource, leading to the tragedy of the commons
Subsidies promote overfishing of targeted fish stocks, and causes economic loss. Not a wise investment.
Restoration VS. Protection
Restoration is not as easy and as successful as protection.
Restoration is more expensive and has a lower success rate.
Protection would seek to address the issues afflicting the ecosystem, while restoration could regenerate an ecosystem but the same lingering issue would wipe it out again.
Priorities for an ecosystem approach to protection and sustenance
Map and Inventory
Identify and preserve aquatic hotspots
Create marine reserves
Protect/restore ecosystems
Raise incomes of people who live on or near protected waters so they become partners in protection
Wetlands (Freshwater habitats)
Reduce flooding and erosion, filter wastes and poollutants, sustain stream flows in dry periods, carbon sink.
Oil spills, draining for agricultural and urban development, and rising sea levels damage wetlands.
Same way to protect wetlands as marine systems.