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Cardiovascular System (Disorders (Endocarditis: An infection of the…
Cardiovascular System
Disorders
Endocarditis: An infection of the heart's inner lining, usually involving the heart valves
Heart failure: a condition that occurs when the heart is unable to pump enough blood to meet the body's needs
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Heart block: interference with normal conduction of electrical impulses that control activity of the heart muscle
Fibrillation: Rapid, quivering, noncoordinated contractions of the atria or ventricles
Myocardial infarct: death of a wedge shaped area of heart tissue when the artery supplying it becomes blocked
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Peripheral Vascular Disease: circulatory condition in which narrowed blood vessels reduce blood flow to the limbs
Arteriosclerosis: thickening and hardening of the walls of the arteries, occurring typically in old age
Varicose veins: abnormally swollen and twisted veins, usually occurring in the legs
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Cardiac Cycle & ECG
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P wave:wave on ECG, associated with atrial depolarization
atrioventricular (AV) node:group of specialized cardiac cells that depolarize and pass the impulse through the Bundel of His, down the bundle branches and to the purkinje fibers
sinoatrial (SA node):group of specialized cardiac cells located in the wall of the right atrium that depolarize spontaneously
Major Arteries & Veins
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Pulmonary Vein: carries blood from the lungs to the heart. It is the only vein that carries oxygenated blood
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Blood Vessels
Capillaries:Tiny, thin-walled vessels that allow for exchanges between the blood & the body cells & between the blood & the air in the lung tissues.Connect the arterioles and venules
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Arteries:Carry blood away from the heart & toward the tissues.The ventricles pump blood into aorta & pulmonary trunk
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Blood Flow: Superior Vena Cava/Inferior Vena Cava:Carries deoxygenated blood from body into right atrium.
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layers of heart: 1. Epicardium(outermost layer of the heart wall),2.Pericardium(type of serous membrane that produces serous fluids to lubricate the heart and prevent friction between the heart and its surrounding organs),3.Myocardium makes up the majority of the thickness and mass of the heart & responsible for pumping blood), & 4.Endocardium (simple squamous endothelium layer the lines the inside of the heart and is responsible for keeping blood from sticking to the inside of the heart)