Chapter 1: Electricity
Section 1.1: Materials Can Become Electrically Charged
Electric Charge is a Property of Matter
Electric Charge:A property that allows an object to exert an electric force on another object without touching it
Electric Field: The space around a particle which an electric charge can exert his force
Static Charges Are Caused by the Movement of Electrons
Static Charge: A buildup of electric charge caused by the presence of lots of particles with the same charge
One coulomb is equal to more than 10^19 electrons or protons
Net Charge: The total amount of unbalanced positive or negative charges in an object
Net Charge is measured in coulombs
Charging by Contact
Van def Graaf Generator: A device that builds up a strong static charge through contact
How Materials Affect Static Charging
The farther apart materials are on their willingness to give up electrons, the stronger their interactions are
Charging by Induction
Induction: The buildup of a charge without direct contact
Example of induction- A negatively charged rod and a balloon
Charge Polarization
Induction can build a charge by switching around electrons without moving them between atoms
Example of polarization- Rubbing a balloon against your head and sticking it to the wall
Polarization: When one object is positively charged and the other object is negatively charged
Technology Uses Static Electricity
Section 1.3
Electric Cells Supply Electric Current
Electrochemical Cell: A cell that produces a charge from a chemical reaction
Primary Cell: A battery
Storage Cell: A rechargable battery