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GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT 1 (WHO guiding principles for complementary feeding…
GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT 1
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Macro / micro nutrients
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Fats - energy, cell membranes, essential fatty acids
Proteins - structure, enzymes, hormones, immunity
Minerals - bones, muscle contraction, enzyme co factors
Vitamin C - antioxidant, collagen, immunity
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Trace minerals - blood, bone, hormones, growth antioxidants
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Iron (Fe)
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Deficiency symptoms: pallor, fatigue, weakness etc
Food sources
Meat, poultry, fish (heme)
Fruit, vegetables, nuts, grains, leafy green (non heme)
Absorption inhibitors: phytates, pasta, tannins, calcium
Absorption enhancers: vitamin C, meat, chicken, fish
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Diarrhoeal diease
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Prevention
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Zinc - prevents diarrheal, deficiency associated with poor immune function
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Treatement
ORS - oral rehydration therapy (replaces water and electrolytes, less vomitting, reduced stool output, reduced need for IV solutions)
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Micronutrient supplementation (Zn reduces duration and frequency of each episode, Vit A reduces watery stools)
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Worms infestation
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Treatment
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Deworming - albendazole 400 mg = 1/2 tablet 12-24 months and 1 tablet more than 24 months - mebendazole 500 mg = 1 tablet 12-24 and more than 24 months - 1 or 2 times a year
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