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The 34-year old male patient recently diagnosed with AIDS, but questions…

- - - - Organs
        
        Secondary Lymphoid Organs
        
        Spleen
        
        Mucsa associated lymphoid tissue
        
        Lymph Nodes
        
        Primary Lymphoid Organs
        
        Bone Marrow
        
        Thymus Gland
      - Cells
        
        Granulocytes
        
        Eosinophils
        
        Basophils
        
        Neutrophils
        
        Mast cells
        
        Phagocytic Cells
        
        Monocytes
        
        Macrophages
        
        Dendritic Cells
        
        Lymphocytes
        
        T Lymphocytes
        
        NK Cells
        
        B Lymphocytes
    - - Adaptive Immune System
        
        B-Cells
        
        Memory B Cells
        
        Plasma Cells
        
        T-Cells
        
        Effector Cells
        
        Cytotoxic Cells
        
        Helper Cells
        
        Memory T Cells
        
        Regulatory Cells
        
        Antigen Presenting Cells
        
        Professional APCs
        
        Non-Professional APCs
      - Innate Immune System
        
        Neutrophils
        
        Dendritic Cells
        
        Macrophages
        
        Eosinphils
        
        Basophils
  - - - Innate
        
        Recruiting immune cells to sites of infection through the production of chemical factors
        
        Immediately prevent the spread and movement of foreign pathogens throughout the body
      - Adaptive
        
        Destroy invading pathogens and any toxic molecules they produce
        
        To recognize specific nonself antigens to generate maximal effective responses tailored to eliminate specific pathogens or pathogen-infected cells.
    - - Granular
        
        Eosinophil
        
        Kills parasites
        
        Basophil
        
        Produces histamine and other medication as an inflammatory response
        
        Neutrophils
        
        Immune Defenses
      - Agranular
        
        Lymphocytes
        
        B-Lymphocytes
        
        Functions in the humoral immunity component of the adaptive immune system by secreting antibodies
        
        T-Lymphocytes
        
        Protect the body from pathogens and cancer cells
        
        Important for cell mediated immunity and the activation of immune cells to fight infection
        
        Natural Killer Cells
        
        serve to contain viral infections while the adaptive immune response generates antigen-specific cytotoxic T cells that can clear the infection
        
        control viral infections by secreting IFNγ and TNFα
        
        part of our immune defense and act to recognize antigens, produce antibodies, and destroy cells that could cause damage
        
        Monocytes
        
        fights off bacteria, viruses and fungi
    - - Viral Infection
        
        Replicates only inside the host
        
        Not considered as living organisms
        
        Smaller and visible under the electron microscope
        
        Contain a protein coat instead of a cell wall
        
        Doesn't have a cell
        
        DNA/RNA strand is present
        
        Usually harmful, though useful in genetic engineering
        
        Cause systemic infections
        
        Spread can be prevented by vaccines
      - Bacterial Infection
        
        Infections can be prevented by Antibiotics
        
        Doesn't need a host organism for reproduction
        
        Considered as living organisms
        
        Larger and visible under light microscope
        
        Contain a peptidoglycan/Lipopolysaccharide cell wall
        
        Unicellar
        
        A single, circular chromosome is present
        
        Can be either beneficial or harmful
        
        Cause localized infections
    - - The lytic cycle involves the reproduction of viruses using a host cell to manufacture more viruses; the viruses then burst out of the cell
        
        1. The phage infects a cell
        
        2. The phage DNA circularizes, remaining seperate from the host DNA
        
        3. Phage DNA replicates and phage proteins are made. New phage particles assembled
        
        4. The cell lyses, releasing phage
      - The lysogenic cycle involves the incorporation of the viral genome into the host cell genome, infecting it from within
        
        1. The phage infects a cell
        
        2. The phage DNA becomes incorporated into the host genome
        
        3. The cell divides, and prophage DNA is passed on to daughter cells
        
        4. Under stressful conditions, the phage DNA is excised from the bacterial chromosome and enters the lytic cycle
    - - HIV
        
        Human Deficiency Virus
        
        Patients will suffer minor difficulties; symptoms will be similar to flu
        
        It's a virus
        
        Attacks the immune system
        
        Lead development of AIDS
      - AIDS
        
        Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
        
        Patients will experience severe signs and symptoms, disrupting the quality of life
        
        The Last stage of HIV
        
        It's a medical condition
        
        Immune system is too weak to fight off infections
- - - - Common Symptom including headache, muscle aches, joint pain, and sore throat.
    - - Many infections agents can lead to diarrhea. Can be more severe or become chronic
    - - More suitable to shingles, which is caused by the same virus responsible for chicken pox
    - - Makes it hard to fight off respiratory problems like the common cold and flu. Might develop related infections, such as pneumonia
    - - A common symptom of some of the skin-related disorders associated with HIV
    - - High blood pressure from pulmonary arterial hypertension can lead to congestive heart failure
    - - Ulcers around the mouth could be the result of on infection such as herpes
    - - Might experience inflammation of the tongue, might develop lesions or a white film on the tongue
    - - Problems affecting the mouth, tongue, and esophagus can make it difficult to eat, which can result in weight loss
    - - Very common symptom of an immune system under attack
    - - Fever, chills, night sweats, and other flu-like symptoms are often early symptoms of AIDS
    - - Cognitive function may be impaired. AIDS advances there's a greater risk of dementia.
    - - Type of high blood pressure affecting the arteries that supply blood to your lungs
    - - Infections like herpes are harder to fight off when your immune system is weak.
    - - A variety of viral skin infections ca cause lumps, bumps, and irritated skin
    - - Kidney inflammation
    - - Swollen lymph nodes could mean that the body is trying to fight off an infection
    - - If the chronic cough contains blood or phlegm and is accompanied by chest pain, it's a sign of tuberculosis, or other serious pulmonary infections.
      - Since the immune system is down under, fighting viral illness becomes easily obtained
    - - Balance and coordination problems are among some of the neurological symptoms of AIDS
    - - Inflammation in the brain pain and weakness
    - - Nerve Damage may cause pain and weakness
    - - Stress caused from having the condition can also cause mental health issues
  - - - The last stage of HIV
      - The immune system is damaged and allows the person with AIDS to experience more severe illnesses