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60 y/o female with Hx of Obesity & DM ll presents with acute MI…
60 y/o female with Hx of Obesity & DM ll presents with acute MI causing Mitral valve failure
Diabetes if often correlated to Cardiovascular complication due to:
Poor lipid count caused by unhealthy Cholesterol levels (LDL & HDL) and triglyceride levels
Poorly controlled blood sugars
Damage to arteries causing atherosclerosis
can cause high blood pressure leading to blood vessel damage and heart attack
Obesity:
Insulin resistance with DM ll can cause high body mass index
DM ll can alter fat metabolism, leading to excess accumulation of adipose tissue
Lack of exercise and poorly controlled diet can lead to development of Diabetes
Understanding the Anatomy of the Heart
The general function of the cardiovascular system :
to circulate blood throughout the body
continuous delivery of oxygen and nutrients to all body cells
removal of carbon dioxide and other waste
Anatomical structures of the heart
The heart is a four chamber organ that pumps blood throughout the body
the right chambers of the heart: Right Atrium and Right Ventricle
receive deoxygenated blood from the body and pump to lungs to recieve oxygen
blood flows through the Pulminary semilunar valve before entering the Pulmonary trunk , which prevents backflow of blood into heart
The right Atrioventricular valve/Tricuspid valve: prevents backflow of blood flowing from the right atrium to the right ventricle
Left chambers of the heart: Left atrium and left ventricle:
receive oxygenated blood from lungs and pump to the rest of the body
blood flows through the Aortic Semilunar valve before entering the Aorta, which prevents backflow of blood into heart
The Left atrioventricular valve: Bicuspid or Mitral valve, prevents backflow of blood flowing from the the left atrium into the left ventricle
Chordae tendinae anchor to papillary muscles which control the opening and closing of the AV valves
The two sounds heard from the heart: "Lub-Dub"
Result of the AV and Semilunar valves closing