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34 year old male recently diagnosed with AIDS but tested positive for HIV…

- - - - possible causes: unprotected sex, mother to child in nursing, birth, or pregnancy & blood product contact
  - - - antiviral medications to avoid infections
- - - - eosinophils
        
        fight parasitic worms
      - basophils
        
        release histamine
      - neutrophils
        
        fight bacteria
      - monocytes
        
        become macrophages or dendritic cells when they exit blood vessels
    - - b lymphocytes
        
        they secrete antibodies in the adaptive immune system
      - natural killer cells
        
        activated by interferons or cytokines & work to control viral infections
      - t lymphocytes
        
        form in red bone marrow and mature in thymus and are involved with activation of immune cells to fight infection
  - - - skin & mucosal membranes that prevent entry
      - non-specific internal defenses
        
        cells
        
        macrophages, NK cells
        
        chemicals
        
        interferon, complement
        
        physiologic responses
        
        pain, inflammation, heat, swelling
    - - t lymphocytes
      - b lymphocytes
        
        plasma cells(make antibodies)
  - - - caused by viruses
        
        treatment:
        
        antiviral medicines; vaccines; an only help the immune system to fight off virus
    - - caused by bacteria
        
        treatment:
        
        antibiotics
  - - - spleen (secondary)
        
        filter blood; removes old erythrocytes & platelets
      - tonsils (secondary)
        
        protect against inhaled & ingested substances
      - lymph nodes (secondary)
        
        filter lymph; immune response is initiated against substance in lymph
      - lymphatic nodules (secondary)
        
        protect body organs
      - thymus (primary)
        
        site of T-lymphocyte maturation & differentiation
      - MALT (mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue;secondary)
        
        protects mucosal membranes against foreign substances
      - red bone marrow (primary)
        
        formation of all formed element; site of B-lymphocyte maturation
    - - macrophages (enlarged monocytes)
        
        eat foreign microscopic bodies
      - dendritic cells
        
        phagocytic cells that are formed in re bone marrow & live in the epithelial and connective tissue of the skin & mucosal membrane
      - lymphocytes
        
        T-lymphocytes
        
        originates from red bone marrow and matures in thymus
        
        B-lymphocytes
        
        secretes antibodies
      - epidermal dendritic cells
        
        cells within the epidermis of the skin
      - mast cells
        
        similar to basophils but are located within connective tissue throughout the body & in close to small blood vessels
      - NK cells
        
        type of lymphocyte that are forned in lymphoid line
  - - - attachment
        
        penetration
        
        biosynthesis
        
        assembly
        
        release
    - - entry
        
        integration:viral DNA becomes part of host DNA
        
        cell multiplication; host replicates viral DNA
        
        cell divisions
        
        cells enter back to lytic cycle
- - - - it destroys the t helper 1 cells which are the ones who activate the t8 cells which are the killers and without them being activated the immune system can not fight as usual
    - - increased risk of colds, pneumonia, and influenza