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Major Functions of The Cardio Vascular System / Contreras Nathan P:2…
Major Functions of The Cardio Vascular System / Contreras Nathan P:2
Anatomy of The Heart
The heart is a muscular organ roughly the size of a closed fist. It sits in the chest, slightly to the left of center. As the heart contracts, it pumps blood around the body. It carries de-oxygenated blood to the lungs where it loads up with oxygen and unloads carbon dioxide, a waste product of metabolism.
Blood flow through the heart and body
Blood flows through your heart and lungs in four steps: The right atrium receives oxygen-poor blood from the body and pumps it to the right ventricle through the tricuspid valve. The left atrium receives oxygen-rich blood from the lungs and pumps it to the left ventricle through the mitral valve.
Major arteries and Veins of the body
Major Veins
Superior vena cava.
Veins of the right thorax. Azygos vein. Right brachiocephalic vein. Right superior epigastric vein. Right intercostal veins. Right internal thoracic vein.
Veins of the left thorax. Left brachiocephalic vein. Left superior epigastric vein. Hemiazygos vein. Left accessory hemiazygos vein.
Major Arteries
.
Arteries of the thorax. Descending thoracic aorta.
Veins of the thorax. Superior vena cava.
Heart. Cardiac fat.
Pulmonary circulation. Pulmonary arteries.
Layers of the Heart
Epicardium. The epicardium is the outermost layer of the heart
Myocardium.
Endocardium.
Structure and function of different blood vessels
Blood vessels form a tubular network throughout the body that allows blood to flow from the heart to every body cell and then back to the heart. The three types of blood vessels are arteries, capillaries, and veins. Each blood vessel consists of a layered wall surrounding a central blood-containing space, or lumen.
Cardiac cycle of ECG
The ECG illustrates the electrical events that drive the mechanical events of the cardiac cycle. The P wave of the ECG represents atrial depolarization, which is followed by contraction and an increase in pressure in the atria
Disorders of the cardiovascular system
Abnormal heart rhythms, or arrhythmias.
Aorta disease and Marfan syndrome.
Congenital heart disease.
Coronary artery disease (narrowing of the arteries)
Deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism.
Heart attack.
Heart failure.
Heart muscle disease