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tissues and the primary growth of stems (cell types and tissues…
tissues and the primary growth of stems
cell types and tissues
parenchyma
collenchyma
sclerenchyma
mechanical
sclereids
short and inflexible
coconut shell
fibers
long and flexible
trunks and branches
conducting
tracheids
long and narrow
vessel elements
short and wide
organization of stems
internal organization
primary tissues
vasular tissues
xylem
tracheids
shape
long and narrow
pointy ends
secondary wall
annular
helical
sclariform
reticulate
circular bordered pits
vessel elements
secondary wall
annular
helical
sclariform
reticulate
circular bordered pits
shape
short and wide
flat ends
perforations
two perforations
phloem
sieve elements
sieve tube members
short and wide
flat ends
controlled by companion cells
angiosperms only
sieve cells
long and narrow
pointy ends
associated with albuminous cells
all angiosperm vascular plants
vascular bundles
cortex
epidermis
#
prevents waterloss
prevents bacteria invasion
protection
external organization
leaf axil
axillary bud
internodes
wide
asparagus
intermediate
narrow
alfafa sprouts
bud scales
nodes
terminal bud
phyllotaxy
alternate
opposite
decusate
whorled
spiral
distichous
stem growth and differentiation
primary growth
apical meristems
provascular tissue
#
primary xylem
primary phloem
ground meristem
pith
#
cortex
#
protoderm
epidermis
#
secondary growth
cork cambium
cork
phelloderm
fasicular cambium
vascular cambium
secondary xylem
secondary phloem
cork cambium
interfasicular cambium
cork cambium
made up of parenchyma cells
within
from epidermis
from provascular tissue
from the pith
from cortex
