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CH. 5 Tissues and the Primary Growth of Stems (Stem Growth and…
CH. 5 Tissues and the Primary Growth of Stems
Concepts
Angiosperms
eudicots
roses, asters, maples
monocots
gresses, cattails, palms
basal angiosperms
warterlilies, magnolias, laurels
Herb
primary plant body
shoot and root apical meristems
Woody Plant
secondary plant body
not apical meristems
Basic Types of Cells and Tissues
Parenchyma
made of
thin primary walls
alive at maturation
most common
leaves, petals, fruits, and seeds
Sclerenchyma
made of
primary and secondary walls
alive at maturity
provide elastic support
2 types
conducting
tracheids
long narrow
dead at maturity
vessel elements
short wide
dead at maturity
mechanical
long fibers
many are dead, but some are alive
short sclereids
dead at maturity
Collenchyma
unevenly thick primary walls
alive at maturity
provide plastic support
External Organizations of Stems
nodes
leafs attached
internodes
area between nodes
leaf axil
axillary bud
mini shoot
terminal bud
at extreme tip of stem
bud scales
protects bud
phyllotaxy
arangement of leave on stem
don't shade each other
Stolons
advanced exploring
Shoots and Stems
Bulbs
short shoot, thick leaves
corms
thick/vertical stems, thin leaves
rhizomes
horizontal stems
tubers
horizontal stems, short lives
Internal Organizations of Stems
Arrangement of Primary Tissues
Epidermus
outermost layer
cuticle
made of cutin
stoma
guard cell + stomatal pore
trichomes (hair)
Xylem
tracheids
pit membrane
vessel elements
tracheary element
thickenings
annular
helical
scalariform
reticulate
circular bordered pits
strongest
border
extra wall around pit
perforation
vessel
stack of vessel elements
Cortex
interior of epidermus
parenchyma
Phloem
sieve cells
sieve element
sieve pores
sieve areas
sieve tube
albuminous cells
sieve tube members
sieve plates
companion cells
Vascular Tissues
made of
made of
xylem
phloem
Vascular Bundles
pith
similar to
collateral
primary phloem
primary xylem
Stem Growth and Differentiation
apical meristems
subapical meristem
protoxylem
metaxylem
vascular bundle
protophloem
metaphloem
protoderm
early stage
provascular
young cells
young cells
ground meristem
young cell
primary tissues
same topic
produced by apical meristem
primary growth
