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60-year-old woman with a history of Obesity, DM II, Myocardial Infraction.…

- - - - Dyspnea- Shortness of breath
        
        Heart palpitations- Rapid fluttering heart rate
        
        Swollen feet or ankles
        
        Failed Mitral Valve-
        
        Can cause the body to work less efficiently since the heart is pumping less blood
        
        Organ failure
        
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- - - - Aging- Can cause changes in the heart and blood vessels due to the buildup of fatty deposits in the walls of arteries over many years.
        
        BP-95/55 Breathing Rate- 30 breaths per minute. Heart Rate- 125 bpm
- - - - Endocardium
        
        Right Atrium
        
        Tricuspid Valve
        
        Right Ventricle
        
        Pulmonary Semilunar Valve
        
        Pulmonary Trunk
        
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  - - - Tricuspid Valve
        
        Right Ventricle
        
        Pulmonary Semilunar Valve
        
        Pulmonary Trunk
        
        Pulmonary Arteries x2
        
        Lungs (Capillaries-Gas Exchange)
        
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    - - Tricuspid Valve:
        
        Prevents back flow from the right ventricle into the right atrium
        
        Pulmonic Valve:
        
        Prevents back flow from the pulmonary trunk into the right ventricle
        
        Bicuspid Valve:
        
        Prevents back flow from the left ventricle into the left atrium
        
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      - Normal sounds of the heart & what causes them:
        
        S1-Lubb:
        
        Closing of the atrioventricular valves
        
        S-2 Dupp:
        
        Closing of semilunar valves
        
        Relationship b/w heart function & blood pressure:
        
        Systolic BP:
        
        The amount of pressure in your arteries during the contraction of your heart muscle.
        
        Diastolic BP:
        
        Arterial pressure during relaxation and dilatation of the ventricles of the heart when the ventricles fill with blood.
        
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        Relationship b/w heart function & respiratory rate:
        
        The Pulmonary Loop-The right side of the heart picks up the oxygen-poor blood from the body and moves it to the lungs for cleaning and re-oxygenating.
        
        The Systemic Loop- Once the blood is re-oxygenated, the left side of the heart moves the blood throughout the body so that every part receives the oxygen it needs.
        
        The heart normally beats 60 to 70 times per minute, while the breathing rate is about one-fifth of that.
        
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        Concepts of heart rate, stroke volume, cardiac output, mean arterial pressure, preload, afterload, peripheral resistance, & others relevant to this case:
        
        Heart Rate:
        
        The number of heartbeats per minute. The heart rate is based on the number of contractions of the ventricles.
        
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- - - - Respiratory failure also can occur if your lungs can't properly remove carbon dioxide (a waste gas) from your blood. Both of these problems—a low oxygen level and a high carbon dioxide level in the blood—can occur at the same time.
        
        Urinary System:
        
        Kidneys would not have the oxygen filled blood needed to do its many important jobs. Without the help of the kidneys, the heart would be working too hard or would not function at all.
        
        Nervous System:
        
        An insufficient amount of blood can't be delivered to the brain so neurons may start to die
        
        Blood rushes to active areas to supply firing neurons with the oxygen and glucose they need for energy. Blood's role is more than just bringing nutrients to the cell, it can also alter the activity of local neuronal circuits.
        
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