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Language teaching through integrative and communicative approach…

- - - - Role-play is an oral activity usually done in pairs, whose main goal is to develop students' communicative abilities in a certain setting]
        
        Example:
        
        The instructor sets the scene: where is the conversation taking place? (E.g., in a café, in a park, etc.)
        
        The instructor defines the goal of the students' conversation. (E.g., the speaker is asking for directions, the speaker is ordering coffee, the speaker is talking about a movie they recently saw, etc.)
        
        The students converse in pairs for a designated amount of time.
        
        This activity gives students the chance to improve their communication skills in the TL in a low-pressure situation. Most students are more comfortable speaking in pairs rather than in front of the entire class.
        
        Instructors need to be aware of the differences between a conversation and an utterance. Students may use the same utterances repeatedly when doing this activity and not actually have a creative conversation. If instructors do not regulate what kinds of conversations students are having, then the students might not be truly improving their communication skills.
- - - - “An integrated approach allows learners to explore, gather, process, refine and present information about topics they want to investigate without the constraints imposed by traditional subject barriers” (Pigdon and Woolley, 1992). An integrated approach allows students to engage in purposeful, relevant learning.
      - Benefits of Teaching with the Integrated Curriculum Model
        
        Teaching with an integrated curriculum has many benefits. Research has found that integration:
        
        Focuses on basic skills, content, and higher-level thinking
        
        Provides a deeper understanding of content
        
        Encourages active participation in relevant real-life experiences
        
        Provides connections among various curricular disciplines
        
        Accommodates a variety of learning styles, theories, and multiple intelligences
        
        Pros and Cons of Using Integrated Learning
        
        There are many arguments for and against this type of approach to teaching. Some of the arguments for integrative curriculum include:
        
        There is not enough time in the day to teach everything in isolation.
        
        They create a positive and collaborative learning environment.
        
        Integrated curriculum is real world – issues in real life are multidisciplinary.
        
        They intrinsically motivate students to succeed in real life
        
        Students develop higher-level thinking skills.
        
        On the other hand, there are arguments against integrative curriculum:
        
        Lack of time to plan effective units.
        
        Teachers are reluctant to put the time and effort into changing what they already do in the classroom to implement something that doesn’t guarantee exceptional results.
        
        Teacher collaboration: a successful integrative curriculum involves input from teachers from all different disciplines, such as math, science or social studies. Coordinating schedules and agreeing on ideas across a variety of teachers is often a difficult task.(4)