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Grade 8 Unit 3 Earth's Atmosphere (The Atmosphere (What are the layers…
Grade 8 Unit 3 Earth's Atmosphere
The Atmosphere
How do pressure and temperature change in the atmosphere?
At high altitudes such as the top of Mount Everest, air pressure and temperature are lower than they are at sea level.
What are the layers of the atmosphere?
Thermosphere
Temperature in the thermosphere can be 1,500 degrees or higher.
Mesosphere
Temperature decreases as altitude increases. temperature can be as low as -120 degrees at the top of the mesosphere.
Stratosphere
Temperature generally increases as altitude increase.
Troposphere
The troposhere contains almost 80% of the atmosphere's total mass, making it the densest layer.
How does the atmosphere protect life on earth?
By absorbing or reflecting harmful radiation/(Ozone layer).
Greenhouse gas molecules absorb and emit infrared radiation.
Wind in the Atmosphere
What are example of global wind
s?
Trade winds
Westerlies
Polar easterlies
The doldrums and horse latitudes
The jet streams
What are examples of local winds?
Sea and land breeze
s
Valley and mountain breezes
What causes wind?
The movement of air from areas of higher pressure towards areas of lower pressure.
How is energy been transferred between objects?
Convection
Convection currents occurs in ocean the because of differences in the density of ocean water.
convection occurs in fluids and solids.
Energy is transferred by convection due to the movement of matter.
Conduction
Inside the earth, energy transfers between rock particles by conduction.
Conduction also happens between particles of air and particles of water
.
Energy is transferred from one object to another by direct contact.
Radiation
Radiation can transfer energy between objects that are not in direct contact with each other.
Radiation can transfer energy as electromagnetic waves.
Energy from the sun is transferred through space.