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Egypt and Sumer (Egypt (Military (The foot soldiers, also called the…
Egypt and Sumer
Egypt
Military
The foot soldiers, also called the infantry, were armed with a variety of weapons including spears, axes, and short swords. Chariots were an important part of the Egyptian army.
Writing
The Egyptians developed hieroglyphics, which were a very different style of recording information and they also wrote on papyrus made from reeds. Papyrus was cheaper and easier to produce than clay tablets, which resulted in vast record keeping capabilities with the Egyptians. That is why we know so much about them.
Agriculture
Egyptians grew crops such as wheat, barley, vegetables, figs, melons, pomegranates and vines. They also grew flax which was made into linen. The most important crop was grain. The ancient Egyptians used grain to make bread, porridge and beer.
Food/Drinks
The ancient Egyptians loved garlic. They also ate green vegetables, lentils, figs, dates, onions, fish, birds, eggs, cheese, and butter. Their staple foods were bread and beer. Breads were sweetened with dates, honey, and figs or dates.
Location
Ancient Egyptian society had taken shape on the nutrient rich banks of the Nile River.
Gods
In the Egyptian religion there were around 2000 recognized gods and goddesses. In Egypt the pharaoh was worshipped as a living god.
Architecture
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The most well known example of ancient Egyptian architecture are the Egyptian pyramids. There are also excavated temples, palaces, tombs and fortresses that have all been studied by architects. Due to location, most ancient Egyptian buildings were built of mud brick and limestone.
Sumer
Food/Drinks
As Sumerians were mostly agricultural people, they ate what they farmed: wheat, barley, lentils, beans, garlic, onions, milk , and milk products. They made bread and beer from grains. Meat, usually from goats or sheep and occasionally cattle, was probably rare in their diets; the animals were too expensive to kill.
Military
In Sumer, there was no standing army, although there may have been some professional soldiers. When the king, high priest, and council of elders decided the need for war, they called all free male citizens to arms.
Architecture
Sumerian architecture. The Sumerians of Mesopotamia were creating sophisticated works of architecture in the fourth millennium BC, almost wholly constructed of brick, and used arches, domes, and vaults.
Gods
Sumerian religion was based around the worship of four life-giving deities, which are known as the God of heaven, the goddess of earth, the god of air and the god of water. They weren't a Theocracy.
Location
The Sumerians were a people who settled on the flood plains of the mighty Tigris and Euphrates Rivers around 4000 B.C in what is today part of Iraq.
Writing
The Sumerians were one of the first peoples to develop a system of writing. Their writing system was called cuneiform and was named after the wedge shaped writing. It was wrote onto clay tablets, which were then fired in kilns to make the writing last.
Agriculture
The Sumerians were the first ones to establish irrigation on a large scale. They made canals, dikes, and ditches to ensure that their crops have enough water.
Both the Sumerians and the Egyptians chose to settle in fertile river plains and developed quite sophisticated agriculture, religion and political systems, there are also many differences between the two groups and the key features of their ways of life.
