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Consequences of Global Climate change on: (Water and rising sea levels…
Consequences of Global Climate change on:
Agriculture
Agriculture will drop, making half of a billion more people at risk of starvation.
Increase in growing season
Norther Countries (eg. Canada)
2 degree Celsius increase
200 million people exposed to hunger
3 degree Celsius increase
550 million people exposed to hunger
35% drop in crop yields.
Across Africa and Middle East
Location changes of crop growing areas
Biomes and animals
Amazonian Rainforest will turn to desert and grassland.
West Antarctic ice sheets will collapse, Greenland ice sheets will melt
1/3 of the world's species will become extinct, not enough time for adaptation to the new environment
Deserts created e.g. Italy, Spain, Greece and Turkey (50 degree Celsius)
With a 4 degree increase in temperature, the Arctic would completely diappear
Extinction of arctic wildlife e.g. Polar bears
Extreme Weather events
1 degree Celsius Increase
Heatwaves and forest fires increase in regions like the Mediterranean, and South Africa
Arctic Sea will disappear for good in the summer
Most of world's corals will die, e.g. Great Barrier Reef
2 degree Celsius increase
Heatwaves which killed tens of thousands of people in Europe in 2003 will come back every year
South England summer temperatures will be 40 degree Celsius
Make oceans more acidic, makes the coral die
Amazonian rainforest --> desert + grasslands
1/3 of world's species will become extinct
4 degree Celsius increase
A
Carbon Stores
Oceans
The oceans consist of about 38 petagrams of carbon(38 billion kilograms)
Increasing plant activity causing increasing carbon in the oceans
acidified water
85% of the carbon
Biosphere
5% of the carbon
Ice
Organic matter is stuck under the ice, resulting from frozen soil.
most of the Earth's carbon is stored in rocks
Water and rising sea levels
Coastal erosion
Flooding
In low-lying areas e.g. Netherlands, Egypt
potential displacement of up to 200 million people
4 million km^2 of land lost
home to 5% of worlds population
Waves + Tsunami
Less ice = greater potential of wave formation
Creates a positive feedback loop, as the larger waves would destroy more sea ice
Increase in wave formation (5 meters long in Beaufort Sea)
Due to sea ice melting (Glaciers)
February 2016, lowest quantity of Arctic sea ice ever recorded
Length of melting season increased by three weeks since 1980
E.g. Himalayan glaciers melting, Greenland
impact on the water supply of ca. 1,5 billion people
In 2003, less than 1/12 of sea ice is 4 or more years old
Especially in Greenland and Antarctica
Average rise of about 23cm since 1880 around the world
E.g. Maldives will cease to exist, 400 000 islanders will have to migrate