Consequences of Global Climate change on:
Agriculture
Biomes and animals
Extreme Weather events
Carbon Stores
Oceans
Biosphere
Water and rising sea levels
1 degree Celsius Increase
2 degree Celsius increase
4 degree Celsius increase
Ice
Heatwaves and forest fires increase in regions like the Mediterranean, and South Africa
Coastal erosion
Flooding
Waves + Tsunami
Heatwaves which killed tens of thousands of people in Europe in 2003 will come back every year
In low-lying areas e.g. Netherlands, Egypt
Less ice = greater potential of wave formation
Due to sea ice melting (Glaciers)
Average rise of about 23cm since 1880 around the world
February 2016, lowest quantity of Arctic sea ice ever recorded
Length of melting season increased by three weeks since 1980
E.g. Himalayan glaciers melting, Greenland
In 2003, less than 1/12 of sea ice is 4 or more years old
potential displacement of up to 200 million people
Especially in Greenland and Antarctica
4 million km^2 of land lost
home to 5% of worlds population
E.g. Maldives will cease to exist, 400 000 islanders will have to migrate
Creates a positive feedback loop, as the larger waves would destroy more sea ice
Increase in wave formation (5 meters long in Beaufort Sea)
impact on the water supply of ca. 1,5 billion people
Amazonian Rainforest will turn to desert and grassland.
The oceans consist of about 38 petagrams of carbon(38 billion kilograms)
Increasing plant activity causing increasing carbon in the oceans
South England summer temperatures will be 40 degree Celsius
Organic matter is stuck under the ice, resulting from frozen soil.
Make oceans more acidic, makes the coral die
Arctic Sea will disappear for good in the summer
Agriculture will drop, making half of a billion more people at risk of starvation.
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most of the Earth's carbon is stored in rocks
Most of world's corals will die, e.g. Great Barrier Reef
West Antarctic ice sheets will collapse, Greenland ice sheets will melt
85% of the carbon
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1/3 of the world's species will become extinct, not enough time for adaptation to the new environment
Amazonian rainforest --> desert + grasslands
5% of the carbon
Deserts created e.g. Italy, Spain, Greece and Turkey (50 degree Celsius)
1/3 of world's species will become extinct
acidified water
Increase in growing season
2 degree Celsius increase
200 million people exposed to hunger
3 degree Celsius increase
550 million people exposed to hunger
35% drop in crop yields.
Across Africa and Middle East
With a 4 degree increase in temperature, the Arctic would completely diappear
Extinction of arctic wildlife e.g. Polar bears
Norther Countries (eg. Canada)
Location changes of crop growing areas