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The Great War (Ending the War: (Treaties (Versailles: The treaty with…
The Great War
Ending the War:
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Wilson's 14 Points: President Woodrow Wilson proposed a set of '14 points' that would help establish better peace amongst the European nations. Some of those points were the creation of the League of Nations, and the creation of Yugoslavia
Casualties: Casualties were roughly at about 40 million people, making it one of the deadliest wars, especially at the time.Allies lost about 12 million; Central Powers - about 8 million.
Treaties
Versailles: The treaty with Germany, it saw a massive decrease in their military, the disbanding of their airforce, war reparations, and the establishments of the Weimar Republic.
Saint-Germain en Laye: it saw the dissolution of Austria's dual monarchy, conscription illegal, and a massive loss of territory as well as military.
Causes:
Long Term Causes:
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Nationalism: a lot of nations at the time saw a rise in pride in themselves. Serbia has a drastic increase in nationalism and wanted independence.
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Imperialism: European powers where fighting over overseas territories and wanted to increase their wealth.
Short Term Causes:
Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand: This was the match that lit the fire, a Serbian group called the "Black Hand" kill him which triggers the war.
Homefront:
Women's Roles in the War: Most women began joining the war albeit indirectly, they took part in the war effort by serving as workers until their husbands came back. Others also worked as nurses to tend the wounded.
Wartime Propaganda: An increase in war coverage by the newspaper also saw the rise in anti war sentiment. A lot became pacifists and protested the war.
Two Fronts:
Western Front:
Turning Point:
The (First) Battle of the Marne: Major battle that destroyed the town of Ypres and saw the start of trench warfare as British and French troops caught up with the German forces.
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New Technologies: U-boats, Tanks, Airplanes, Trench Warfare, Chemical Warfare (Mustard Gas)
Tanks: Newly developed armoured vehicle used for the advancement of territory(?) after trench stalemates. The first ever used tank in battle was during the Battle of Slers-Clourcelettes.
Aircraft: As airplanes were relatively new, their usage was minor, but there were many attempts at using them for bombing and dogfighting,
U-Boats: The first ever submarines, per say, created by the Germans and were deployed in the Atlantic to prevent ships from leaving or entering.
Trench Warfare: The latest tactical fashion, opposing sides would get in a stalemate and dig themselves up as to prevent any advances from the other side. Conditions were horrible as rain would dampen the floors and was breeding ground for diseases. The space in between the two sides was called the 'No Man's Land'.
Chemical Warfare: also a very fashionable option. Germany was huge on throwing mustard gas within british trenches, the effects of mustard gas were so devastating that it's use became illegal afterwards.
Eastern Front:
Turning Point
Russian Revolution of 1917: The Russians were going through relative turmoil during the war and soon had to drop out after the Communist party took over, this helped Germany as they had a lesser threat to deal with and could focus their efforts on the Western Fronts.