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Chemistry (Topic 1 (Isotopes (Relative atomic mass (It is the mass of the…

- - - - s (2 electrons) p (6 electrons) d (10 electrons)
      - Exceptions: Copper (Cu) and Chromium (Cr) :star:
        
        Why? Coppers electron config doesn't fill up its 3d orbital whereas Chromium doesn't fill the 3d orbital halfway, therefore creating creating it to be unstable
      - paired: 1s^2; unpaird 1s^1
    - - Rules for orbital diagrams
        
        Aufbaus: Always fill the lowest one first
        
        Hund: 1 arrow before 2
        
        Paulis: Arrows (electrons) are in opposite ways
    - - (X is also M)
    - - atomic number = p+ = e-
      - atomic mass - atomic number = n
      - Atoms: the smallest particle of a chemical element that can exist
      - Isotopes: same element/s with the same # of protons but different # of nuetrons (e.g. N7, N8, N9)
    - - atomic number = p+
      - atomic mass - atomic number = n
      - atomic number + or - ion charge = e-
      - Ion: atom/molecule with electric charge due to their loss or gain of one or more electrons
  - - - element or symbol name with the mass # :
    - - It is the mass of the atom with respect to the mass of the isotope carbon - 12
      - Why carbon -12? atomic mass has a unit g/mol (gmol -1) but relative atomic mass does not
  - - - decreases across a period and increase down a group