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Cellular organization (Organelles: (Ribosomes: packages of ribosomal RNA…

- - - - proteins pass from rough ER to Golgi in transport vesicles
      - Processed proteins pass from entry cisterns to medial cisterns to exit cistern in transfer vesicle
      - finished proteins exit Golgi as secretory, membrane or storage vesicle
- - - - microtubules: provide shape and support, involved in cell division
      - microfilaments: allow movement of items in the cell
  - - - ex: monosaccharides, disaccharide
    - - ex: polysaccharides (glycogen)
- - - - Phospholipids: 2 parallel layers of molecules (each molecule is amphipathic)
      - glyocolipids: carbohydrate groups from polar heads only on the side of the membrane facing the extracellular fluid
      - cholesterol: interspersed amount the other lipids in both layers, stiff steroid rings and hydrocarbon tails are non polar and hide in the middle of the cell membrane
      - permeable to non polar, uncharged molecules- oxygen, carbon dioxide, steroids
      - macromolecules unable to pass through membrane, need vesicular transport
  - - - glycoproteins: have a sugar portion facing the ECF to form a glycolayx and protects it from being digested, and creates a stickiness to hold it to other cells
    - - formation of channel: passageway to allow specific substance to pass through
      - transporter proteins: bind a specific substance, change their shape and move it across membrane
      - receptor proteins: cellular recognition site, bind to substance
      - act as enzyme
      - linker: anchor proteins in cell membrane or to other cells; allow cell movement , cell shape, and structure
      - allows cell to reignite similar cells
- - - - one parent cell gives rise to 2 identical daughter cells
      - needed for tissue repair and growth
    - - oocyte and sperm cell production
      - occurs only in testes and ovary