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Microbial Metabolism (Water (70% of wet weight, Dissolves cellular…
Microbial Metabolism
Water
70% of wet weight
Dissolves cellular components
Polarity
Cohesiveness
Macro-molecules
Proteins
Ubiquitous in cell
Important structurally and enzymatically
Most abundant macro in cells
Nucleic Acids
DNA
Double stranded
Complementary
Informational
Polynucleotide acids
Nucleotide
Phosphate
Nucleoside
Nucleoside
Nitrogen base
Pyrimidines
One six-membered ring
C,T,U
Purines
Two fused rings
A,G
C5 sugar
RNA
Single or double stranded
Secondary structures
Four classes
rRNA
tRNA
mRNA
small RNA
Lipids
Polar compounds
Hydrophobic and hydrophillic ends
Membrane and energy storage
Fatty acids
Saturated vs unsaturated vs transfat
Complex lipids
Simple lipids containing additional elements
Simple lipids
Triglycerides
3 fatty acids+1 glycerol
Polysaccharides
Sugar units bonded with glycosidic bonds
Cell wall and energy storage
Non-informational
C:H:O 1:2:1
4-7 carbons are biologically relevant
Pentose
Structural backbone for nucleic acids
Hexose
Cell wall building block and energy reserves
1-4 a bonds form chaining
1-6 a bonds form branching
1-4 b form cellulose
Chemical Bonding
Strong Bonds
Covalent bonding
Make up the backbone of macro-molecules
Monomers-Polymers-Macros
Weak Bonds
Hydrogen bonding
Stability of biomolecules
Create secondary structures and base pairing
Van der Waal attraction
Protein-nucleic acid interaction
Enzyme substrate binding
Ionic bonding
Tertiary structure on proteins
Ionized biomolecules
Hydrophobic attraction
Enzyme substrate
Tertiary structure on proteins
Membrane self-assembly