Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

Civil War Timeline (3/5th Compromise (Gabriel’s Rebellion (On August 30,…

- - - - Northern response
        :Because of their fears that the south would control the Senate and would be one step closer to legalizing slavery in States newly admitted to the Union, Northern members of the United States Congress refused Missouri admittance to the United States as a slave state.
      - Southern response:
        The South, at first, were very pleased with the balance of slave states in their favor and argued with the North about wether or not they should change the balance of the states to make it equal for both slave and anti- slave states.
      - Cause:
        to keep a balance between the number of slave states and the number of free states in the Union
        
        1808 Congress bans importation of slaves
        
        1840 Black Codes
        
        attempted to economically disable freed slaves, forcing African Americans to continue to work on plantations and to remain subject to racial hierarchy within the southern society.
      - Effect:
        The Missouri Compromise was struck down as unconstitutional, and slavery and anti-slavery proponents rushed into the territory to vote in favor or against the practice. The rush, effectively led to a massacre known as Bleeding Kansas and propelled itself into the very real beginnings of the American Civil War.
        
        Henry Clay
        
        Henry Clay, the man who worked out the Missouri Compromise, came out of retirement to try to work out another compromise.
      - In 1820 an agreement called the Missouri Compromise was reached. The compromise allowed Missouri to come into the Union as a slave state and Maine would be a free state.
        In 1850 California asked to be admitted to the Union. The Missouri Compromise had cut California in half. Congressmen argued over whether California should enter the war as a free or slave state.
        
        Compromise of 1850 (including Fugitive Slave Law)
        
        Cause: The crisis arose from the request of the territory of California (December 3, 1849) to be admitted to the Union with a constitution prohibiting slavery. The problem was complicated by the unresolved question of slavery’s extension into other areas ceded by Mexico the preceding year
        
        Effect:
        The south gained by the strengthening of the fugitive slave law, the north gained a new free state, California. Texas lost territory but was compensated with 10 million dollars to pay for its debt. Slave trade was prohibited in Washington DC, but slavery was not. Slavery was not restricted in the territories of Utah and New Mexico.
        
        allowed the United States to expand its territory by accepting California as a state. A territory rich in gold, agricultural products and other natural resources would create wealth and enrich the country as a whole.
        
        Northern:
        claimed the law was unfair. In terms of public opinion in the North, the critical provision was that ordinary citizens were required to aid slave catchers. Massachusetts even called for its nullification, stealing an argument from John C. Calhoun.
        
        Southern:
        The majority victory for the south was the fugitive slave law
        
        Fugitive Slave Law
        
        Who? Bowing to further pressure from Southern lawmakers—who argued the slave debate was driving a wedge between the newly created states—Congress passed the Fugitive Slave Act of 1793.
        
        The Fugitive Slave Act of 1793 was an Act of the United States Congress to give effect to the Fugitive Slave Clause of the US Constitution (Article 4, Section 2, Clause 3), which was later superseded by the Thirteenth Amendment. The former guaranteed a right for a slaveholder to recover an escaped slave.
        
        How it contributed to the Civil War:
        By polarizing the nation in such a way, the Fugitive Slave Act became a powerful tool in the years and months leading up to the Civil War, by enlightening many citizens (both Northern and Southern) and helped to form future laws that eliminated slavery and protected the freedoms of all citizens.
        
        Annexation of Texas
        
        a group of settlers from the United States who lived in Mexican Texas declared independence.
        
        Texas was annexed by the United States in 1845 and became the 28th state, and politics in the United States admitted Mexico a slave-state which lead the United States to the Civil War in 1861.
        
        Contribution to Civil War
        The Compromise of 1850 was key in delaying the start of the Civil War until 1861. It temporarily lessened the rhetoric between northern and southern interests, thereby delaying secession for 11 years.
        
        1793 Fugitive slave causes
        
        an Act of the United States Congress to give effect to the Fugitive Slave Clause of the US Constitution
        
        was strengthened at the insistence of the slave states of the South by the Compromise of 1850, which required even the governments and the residents of free states to enforce the capture and return of fugitive slaves.
        
        Bowing to further pressure from Southern lawmakers—who argued the slave debate was driving a wedge between the newly created states
      - kanas nebraska act breaks the agreement on the line made in the compromise of 1820
        
        Kansas Nebraska Act
        
        Northern:
        Territory north of the sacred 36°30' line was now open to popular sovereignty. The North was outraged.
        
        Southern:
        Senator Stephen A. Douglas of Illinois. said he wanted to see Nebraska made into a territory and, to win southern support, proposed a southern state inclined to support slavery. The Southerners supported Kansas-Nebraska Act because they thought that granting popular Sovereignty would allow slavery in the territories.
        
        Cause:The Kansas-Nebraska Act allowed each territory to decide the issue of slavery on the basis of popular sovereignty. Kansas with slavery would violate the Missouri Compromise, which had kept the Union from falling apart for the last thirty-four years.
        
        Effect: The Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 created the territories of Kansas and Nebraska, opening new lands for settlement, and had the effect of repealing the Missouri Compromise of 1820 by allowing white male settlers in those territories to determine through popular sovereignty whether they would allow slavery.
        
        The Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 may have been the single most significant event leading to the Civil War
        
        Bleeding Kansas
        
        The Kansas-Nebraska Act began a chain of events in the Kansas Territory that foreshadowed the Civil War.
        
        in 1854, tensions between pro- and anti-slavery advocates erupted into violence. Radical abolitionists, like John Brown, attacked and murdered white southerners in protest.
        
        radical abolitionist
        
        3 more items...
        
        foreshadowed the violence that would ensue over the future of slavery during the Civil War..
        
        1856 Republican Party is formed
        
        Arrival of first slaves
        
        Abraham Lincoln is elected
        
        Cause :!::
        Lincoln presided over the Union victory in the American Civil War, which dominated his presidency. A former Whig, Lincoln ran on a political platform opposed to the expansion of slavery in the territories.
        
        Effect :!!:Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation, which freed the slaves in the rebellious Southern states.
        
        Lincoln's election served as the immediate impetus for the outbreak of the American Civil War.
        
        Northern Reaction : 😄
        Generally speaking, Northerners were very supportive of Lincoln. Opposition to slavery and its extension were widely held, so Lincoln's campaign pledge not to extend slavery was warmly welcomed.
        
        Southern Reaction : 😑
        For the most part, states in the South reacted with anger to Lincoln's victory in the election of 1860. The major issue of the 1860 presidential election was slavery. For Southerners, expanding slavery was the critical issue. Slavery was so pressing that the Democratic party put forth two candidates.
        
        In late August, 1619, 20-30 enslaved Africans landed at Point Comfort, today's Fort Monroe in Hampton, Va., aboard the English privateer ship White Lion. In Virginia, these Africans were traded in exchange for supplies.
        
        An estimated 350 of these captives were loaded onto a Portuguese slave ship called the São João Bautista (more commonly known as the San Juan Batista).
        
        TRADE
        
        New transportation like railroads and canals were used to promote trade.
        
        1 more item...
        
        In the 17th and 18th centuries, enslaved Africans worked mainly on the tobacco, rice and indigo plantations of the southern coast, from the Chesapeake Bay colonies of Maryland and Virginia south to Georgia.
        
        An estimated 350 of these captives were loaded onto a Portuguese slave ship called the São João Bautista
        
        Cotton Gin
        
        Eli Whitney in 1793 and patented in 1794.
        
        used a combination of a wire screen and small wire hooks to pull the cotton through, while brushes continuously removed the loose cotton lint to prevent jams.
        
        revolutionized the cotton industry in the United States, but also led to the growth of slavery in the American South as the demand for cotton workers rapidly increased. The invention has thus been identified as an inadvertent contributing factor to the outbreak of the American Civil War.
        
        plantation switched from tobacco to cotton gin -it contributed for saving slavery
        
        Textile manufacturing
        
        3 more items...
        
        Effect:
        African slavery was central to the development of British North America. Although slavery existed in all 13 colonies at the start of the American Revolution in 1775, a number of Americans (especially those of African descent) sensed the contradiction between the Declaration of Independence’s ringing claim of human equality and the existence of slavery. Reacting to that contradiction, Northern states decided to phase out slavery following the Revolution.
      - In 1820 an agreement called the Missouri Compromise was reached. The compromise allowed Missouri to come into the Union as a slave state and Maine would be a free state.
        In 1850 California asked to be admitted to the Union. The Missouri Compromise had cut California in half. Congressmen argued over whether California should enter the war as a free or slave state.
      - Uncle Tom’s Cabin
        
        Uncle Tom’s Cabin is a book that talks about the horror of slavery which was published in 1852. This book written by Harriet Beecher Stowe greatly increased the amount of sectionalism between the North and the South, which soon led to The Civil War. The book fueled the abolitionist cause in the North and aroused the South.
  - - - In reaction, the Virginia and other legislatures passed restrictions on free blacks, as well as the education, movement and hiring out of the enslaved.