English grammar 2
Some / Any
- In positive sentences
Ex: 1/There is some bread 2/There are some apples - In questions asking for sth or offering sth
Ex: 1/Do you want some stranberries ? 2/Can I have some bread ?
- Negative sentences Ex: 1/I do not want any chocolate 2/There are not any strawberries
- Questions (I don't konw what food he has in his kitchen)
Ex: Is there any milk in the fridge ?
None
Not one
Before
- The
- This ; That (Demonstratives)
- My ; Your (Possessives)
- He ; His (Pronouns)
=None of
Ex:None of his friends knew what had happened to him
≠ Neither of = We use neither, not none, when we are talking about two people or things
Ex: Books and television are different. Neither of them should replace the other. = ni l'un ni l'autre
So that / In order to
Comme ça (result)
Ex: I take english classes via skype
so that I can speak more confidently
- Purpose
- With a infinitive
- More common in writing
Ex: We all need stress in order to
archieve and do our best work
Such as
Tel que ; Telle que...
= Like for introducing + more formal
V-ing
Gerunds (suffix ''-ing'' on infinitve verbs)
- noun Ex: Eating is crucial to stay alive
- L'antériorité d'une action Ex: Before V-ing, hands must be washed
After some verbs
- Like
- Enjoy
- Start
- Remenber Ex: I remember thinking ... = Je me souviens avoir pensé
a prepostion between the first and second verb
ex1: I'm interested in learning english
ex2: I thank you for helping me
To + V-ing
Phrasal verb
Ex: I look forward to meeting you
Ex:I will get used to living here
Verbs form with -ing:
- Seeing
Double consonant V-
One syllable verbs
- CVC rule
Ex: Run->running - -w and -x no follow this rule
Ex: Snow -> Snowed
Multisyllable words
- CVC rule + Stressed rule
Ex: Begin ->Beginning /bɪˈgɪn/
Exception
Myself, yourself..etc
Reflexive pronouns
Ex: I hurt myself with a knife.
Tout(es) seul (es)
Intensive pronouns
Ex: The chidreen got dress by themselves
''Emphasize'' ''my own''
Oneself
- Reflexive pronoun and Intensive pronoun
Ex: One should wash oneself every morning. ''Se or soi-même''
Ex: One always has to do these things oneself. ''Emphasize'' - One (very formalin english) = On
Comparatif / Superlatif
Superlatif
- One-syllable word = adj -est
- Multi-syllable word = ''The most'' + adj can also with verbs and noun.
Ex: They all cried, but calire cried the most
Ex: Ian earns the most money in our family
Exception
- Verbs:
Good -> Better / Best
Bad -> Worse / Worst
Litte ->Less / Least
Far ->Farther / Farthest or Further / Furthest - One-syllable adj with ''more'' or ''most''
ill
real
right
wrong
fun
Comparatif
- One-syllable word adj- ''er'' + than ex: Big - Bigger
- Multi-syllable word ''more'' + ajd + than
Most
- Pronoun most = la majorité
Ex: There are several designs and most have sth to do with animals
- Mostly = mainly
Ex: I am mostly interested in the history of the house
- suffix begin by a consonant
Ex: fit ->fitful - Vebs: 'program - 'kidnap - 'worship
- Verbs end by ''vowel + l ''
Ex: Travel -> Travelling
Therefore
= par conséquent
Ex: The sea ice is melting, and therefore polar bears are disappearing
- litte -> less / least = (for amount)
Ex: I have little money. Certainly less money than him.
Ex: I have little money, but Jim is the one who has least money out of all of us.
= l'un de ces ...