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Cardiovascular system Ashley Haro p.4 (Major arteries and veins of the…
Cardiovascular system Ashley Haro p.4
Major functions of the cardiovascular system
Transport of nutrients, oxygen, and hormones to cells throughout the body and removal of metabolic wastes (carbon dioxide, nitrogenous wastes).
Anatomy of the heart (chambers and valves)
Layers of the hearts
Pericardium- layer covering the layer of the heart, myocardium- muscular middle layer
Endocardium- lines the inside of the heart
serous membrane-
Smooth tissue membrane
Blood flow through the heart and body
Starts at right side of the heart -> superior vena cava & inferior vena cava -> right atrium -> tricuspid valve -> right ventricle -> pulmonary semilunar valve -> Pulmonary artery -> lungs-> pulmonary vein -> Left atrium -> bicuspid valve -> Left ventricle -> aortic semilunar valve -> aorta -> out the body -> inferior/superior vena cava -> repeat
Major arteries and veins of the body
Intrinsic factors
Intrinsic regulation of the heart rate includes the myogenic sublevel and the sublevels of cell to cell communication, the cardiac nervous system, and humoral factors produced within the heart.
Structural and functional differences between blood vessel types.
Arteries and veins consist of three layers, an outer tunica externa, a middle tunica media, and an inner tunica intima. Capillaries consist of a single layer of epithelial cells, the endothelium tunic aka tunica intima.
Cardiac cycle and ECG
Disorders of the cardiovascular system
