The Cardiovascular System Samantha Robles p.5

Layers of the
heart

Anatomy of the heart

Major functions of the
cardiovascular system

blood flow through the heart and body

Transport of nutrients, oxygen, and hormones to cells throughout the body and removal of metabolic wastes

  1. Epicardium

The heart is a muscular organ roughly the size of a closed fist. It sits in the chest, slightly to the left of center. As the heart contracts, it pumps blood around the body. It carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs where it loads up with oxygen and unloads carbon dioxide, a waste product of metabolism.

Heart & body: Blood enters the heart through the inferior and superior vena cava, emptying oxygen-poor blood from the body into the right atrium. The ventricle contracts, blood leaves the heart through the pulmonic valve, into the pulmonary artery and to the lungs where it is oxygenated.

Major arteries and veins of the body

Left Main Coronary

structural and
functional differences between blood vessel types

Arteries and veins have three layers: an outer tunica externa, a middle tunica media, and an inner tunica intima.

disorders of the
cardiovascular system.

  1. Myocardium
  1. Endocardium

Hemoglobin: carrier molecule which carries the oxygen obtained during the process of respiration.

Thalassemia: group of inherited blood disorders cause by genetic mutations.

Lukemia: blood cancer, malignant white blood, multiply inside bone marrow.

Hemophilia: the ability of the blood to clot is severely reduced, servere bleeding from slight injury.

Left Circumflex Artery

Right Coronary Artery

Major veins: a vessel that conducts blood from the periphery to the heart.

Coronary Arteries: blood vessels that supply blood to your heart

Pulmonary Vein

Superior and Inferior Vena Cava

Capillaries have a single layer of epithelial cells, the endothelium tunic