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Cardiovascular System- Tiffany Silvas p.4 (Anatomy of the Heart (Anterior…
Cardiovascular System- Tiffany Silvas p.4
Anatomy of the Heart
Anterior Cardiac Vein
Right Ventricle
Right Marginal Artery
Small Cardiac Vein
Brachiophalic Trunk
Left Common Carotid Artery
Left Subclavian Artery
Aortic Arch
Superior vena Cava
Ligamentium Arteriosum
Left Pulmonary Artery
Pulmonary Trunk
Article of left Atrium
Ascending Aortis
Right Pulmonary Veins
Right Atriums
Circumflex Artery
Right Coronary Artery
Left Coronary Artery
Interior Vena Cava
Left Ventricle
Great Cardiac vein
Intrinsic Factors
Propagation of fibers
Splitting into bundle branches
Propagation to AV bundle
Stimulation of Atrioventricular node
Stimulation of sinotrial node
Cardiac Cycle and the ECG
During filling, pressure on the right atrium increases which
pushes blood into the right ventricle.
The closure of the aortic valve leads to the onset of filling by the opening of the metric valve.
As pressure in the ventricle rises above major arteries, blood pushes open the valve and moves into the aorta for ejection.
Heart valves are closed, Ventricles contract but no volume change occurs.
Blood is forced into ventricles and the blood into the aorta and pulmonary artery.
Disorders of the cardiovascular system
Congenital heart disease
Issue with heart structure and or function present from birth
Endocarosis and Myocarditis
Inflammation of the heart
Cerebrovascular Accident
Blood flow to a portion of the brain is interrupted
Perlipheral Artery disease
Artery narrow and reduce blood flow to extremities
Myocardial Infraction
Blood flow to part of the heart is blacked
Functional and structural differences between blood vessel types
Leukocytes
Functions crucial to our defense against disease from a mobile arm that helps protect the body from damages from bacteria, viruses, parasites, toxins, and tumor cells.
Structure white blood cells, only formed elements that are complete cells, with nuclei and the usual organelles
Erythrocytes
Function is completley dedicated to the job of transporting respritory gasses
Structures red bloods cells, small cells, about 7.3 in diameter shaped like bonocave discs, flattened discs with deppressed centers
Major functions of the cardiovascular system
Regulation
Maintain adequate fluid volume in the circulatory system
Maintains normal pH levels in body tissues, many blood proteins and abrupt changes in blood pH that could jeopardize normal cell activities.
Maintains appropriate body tempurature by absorbing and distributing heat throughout the body and to the surface of the skin to encourage heat loss.
Protection
Preventing blood loss
Preventing infection, help defend the body against foreign invaders such as bacteria and viruses,
Transport
Transports metabolic waste from cells to elimination sites.
Delivers oxygen from the lungs and nutrients from the digestive tracts to all body cells.
Transports hormones from the endocrine organs to their target organs.
layers of the heart
Endocardium
Third layer, glistening white sheet of endotheium resting on a thin connective tissue layer.
cardiac skeleton
reinforces the myocardium internally and anchors the cardiac muscle fiber.
Myocardium
middle layer composed of cardiac muscle and forms the bulk of the heart.
Epicardium
Visceral layer of the serious layer of the pericardium infultrated with fat especially in older people.
Blood flow through the heart and body
right side - pulmonary circuit
Receives oxygen, poor from body tissues and then pumps blood to the lungs for oxygen, pulmonary circuit.
left side - systernic circuit
Receives the oxygenated blood returning from lungs and pumps this blood throughout the body to supply oxygen and nutriients to body tissues .
Major arteries and veins of the body
veins
great cardiac vein
anterior interventricular sulcus
middle cardiac vein
posterior interventricular sulcus
small cardiac vein
running along the hearts right interior margin
small cardiac vein
paths follow those of the coronary arteries
arteries
right coronary artery
courses to the right side of the heart
right marginal artery
serves the myocardium of the lateral right side of the heart
anterior interventricular artery
follows the anterior interventricular sulcus and supplies bood to interventricular septum and anterior walls of both ventricles.
circumflex artery
supplies the left atrium and the posterior walls of the left ventricle
left coronary artery
posterior interventricular artery
Ours to the heart apex and supplies the posterior ventricular walls