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The Cardiovascular System. (ECG/ EKG (P wave - Associated with…
The Cardiovascular System.
3 Major Element
Blood Vessels
- A network of tubes
*Arteries, Capillaries ,Veins
The Blood
- Plasma
Erythrocytes, Leukocytes, Thrombocytes
Heart
- Cardiac muscle tissue
Right atrium , Right ventricle , Left atrium , Left ventricle
Covering of the Heart
Outer Layer
= Parietal Pericardium
Inner layer
= Visceral Pericadium
The Heart Wall : 3 Layers
Myocardium
- Cardiac muscle , the layer that contracts
Endocardium
- simple squamous epithelium, continuations with blood vessels
Epicardium
- Thin layer of C.T
Heart Conduction
Atrioventricular Node
- Located in the right atrium along the lower part the interatrial septum
AV Bundle
-Located in the walls of the rentricles
Sinoatrial
- the pacemaker located in the wall of the right atrium near the opening of the superior vene cana
ECG/ EKG
P wave
- Associated with depolarization of the atria
QRS Complex
- Associated with depolarization of the ventricles
The visible tracing of these electrical signals is called an
Electrocardiogram or ECG
T wave
- Associated with depolarization of the ventricles
Myocardial Infarction
Symptoms
- Chest pain , Sweating , Dizziness
Treatment
- Nitroglycrein , Thrompolytics , Angioplasty
Causes Risk Factors
- Blood Clot , Plague in coronary arteries
Description
- Blood flow to part of the heart is blocked
Peripheral Artery Disease
Causes Risk Factors
- Atherosclerosis
Symptoms
- Leg / Arm pain
Description
- Arteries narrow and reduce blood flow to extremities
Treatment
- Medication
Cerebrovascular Accident
Description
- Blood flow to a portion of the brain is interrupted
Causes Risk Factors
- Blood clot in artery brain
Symptoms
- Severe headache
Treatment
- Thrombolytic