Cardiovascular System
Major functions of the
cardiovascular system
Anatomy of the heart
Layers of the
heart
blood flow through the heart and body
consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood. This system has three main functions: Transport of nutrients, oxygen, and hormones to cells throughout the body and removal of metabolic wastes (carbon dioxide, nitrogenous wastes).
Major Functions of the Cardiovascular System. On this page we take a closer look at the four major functions of the cardiovascualr system - transportation, protection, fluid balance and thermoregulation.
The two main roles of the cardiovascular system include the transportation of oxygen, blood cells, water and nutrients around the body to cells AND transporting and removing waste. The cardiovascular system also protects the body from infection and distributes heat accordingly
The heart is a muscular organ roughly the size of a closed fist. It sits in the chest, slightly to the left of center. As the heart contracts, it pumps blood around the body. It carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs where it loads up with oxygen and unloads carbon dioxide, a waste product of metabolism
The heart is made up of four chambers: two upper chambers known as the left atrium and right atrium and two lower chambers called the left and right ventricles. It is also made up of four valves: the tricuspid, pulmonary, mitral and aortic valves
It has four parts, the left ventricle and the right ventricle which are both at the bottom of the heart, and the left atrium and the right atrium at the top. A wall of muscle called the septum separates them.
Your heart is actually a muscular organ. An organ is a group of tissues that work together to perform a specific function. In the case of your heart, this function is pumping blood throughout your body. Additionally, the heart is largely made up of a type of muscle tissue called cardiac muscle.
The wall of the heart consists of three layers: the epicardium (external layer), the myocardium (middle layer) and the endocardium (inner layer). The epicardium is the thin, transparent outer layer of the wall and is composed of delicate connective tissue
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Epicardium. The epicardium is the outermost layer of the heart wall and is just another name for the visceral layer of the pericardium. ...
Myocardium. the muscular tissue of the heart.
Endocardium .the thin, smooth membrane which lines the inside of the chambers of the heart and forms the surface of the valves.
The middle layer of the heart wall is the myocardium; this is the actual muscular layer of the heart responsible for contracting and pumping blood throughout your body. The endocardium is the thin innermost layer of tissue that makes direct contact with the blood pumping through the heart chambers.
Blood enters the heart through two large veins, the inferior and superior vena cava, emptying oxygen-poor blood from the body into the right atrium.. As the ventricle contracts, blood leaves the heart through the pulmonic valve, into the pulmonary artery and to the lungs where it is oxygenate
It consists of the heart and the blood vessels running through the entire body. The arteries carry blood away from the heart; the veins carry it back to the heart. ... The pulmonary circulation is where the fresh oxygen we breathe in enters the blood. At the same time, carbon dioxide is released from the blood
Blood enters the heart through two large veins – the posterior (inferior) and the anterior (superior) vena cava – carrying deoxygenated blood from the body into the right atrium. Blood flows from the right atrium into the right ventricle through the tricuspid valve.
Major arteries and veins of the body;
The Coronary Arteries are the blood vessels that supply blood to your heart. They branch off of the aorta at its base. The right coronary artery, the left main coronary, the left anterior descending, and the left circumflex artery, are the four major coronary arteries.
Superior vena cava.
Veins of the right thorax. Azygos vein. Right brachiocephalic vein. Right superior epigastric vein. Right intercostal veins. Right internal thoracic vein. ...
Veins of the left thorax. Left brachiocephalic vein. Left superior epigastric vein. Hemiazygos vein. Left accessory hemiazygos vein.
vena cava
Veins are an important part of our circulatory system. They are responsible for returning deoxygenated blood back to the heart after arteries carry blood out. The vena cava is the largest vein in the body.
structural and
functional differences between blood vessel types;
Blood vessel layers: Arteries and veins consist of three layers: an outer tunica externa, a middle tunica media, and an inner tunica intima. Capillaries consist of a single layer of epithelial cells, the endothelium tunic
The main function of blood vessels is to carry blood through the body. The blood carries oxygen, nutrients, and wastes that need to move around the body. There are three kinds of blood vessels: arteries, veins, and capillaries. Arteries have a thicker wall and a smaller inside hole than veins.
Veins are an important part of our circulatory system. They are responsible for returning deoxygenated blood back to the heart after arteries carry blood out. The vena cava is the largest vein in the body. Veins have much thinner walls than arteries.
Cardiac cycle and the ECG
A typical ECG tracing of the cardiac cycle (heartbeat) consists of a P wave (atrial depolarization ), a QRS complex (ventricular depolarization), and a T wave (ventricular repolarization). An additional wave, the U wave ( Purkinje repolarization), is often visible, but not always.
The cardiac cycle is the performance of the human heart from the ending of one heartbeat to the beginning of the next. It consists of two periods: one during which the heart muscle relaxes and refills with blood, called diastole, followed by a period of robust contraction and pumping of blood, dubbed systole
Accordingly, when the heart chambers are relaxed (diastole), blood will flow into the atria from the veins, which are higher in pressure. ... During ventricular systole, pressure rises in the ventricles, pumping blood into the pulmonary trunk from the right ventricle and into the aorta from the left ventrical
disorders of the
cardiovascular system.
Many kinds of abnormalities can often be seen on an ECG. They include a previous heart attack (myocardial infarction), an abnormal heart rhythm (arrhythmia), an inadequate supply of blood and oxygen to the heart (ischemia), and excessive thickening (hypertrophy) of the heart's muscular walls.
An ECG electrocardiogram records the electrical activity of your heart at rest. .However, it does not show whether you have asymptomatic blockages in your heart arteries or predict your risk of a future heart attack. The resting ECG is different from a stress or exercise ECG or cardiac imaging test.