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Cardiovascular System - Raven Brown P4 (Arteries (Veins (basilic vein,…
Cardiovascular System - Raven Brown P4
Arteries
fibular artery
anterior tibial artery
ulnar artery
aortic arch
abdominal aorta
brachiocephalic trunk
femoral artery
thoracic aorta
radial artery
axillary artery
common carotid artery
subclavian artery
common iliac artery
ascending aorta
brachial artery
Veins
basilic vein
femoral vein
cephalic vein
common iliac vein
internal iliac vein
external iliac vein
great saphenous vein
superior vena cava
brachiocephalic vein
subclavian vein
ulnar vein
radial vein
axillary vein
internal jugular vein
inferior vena cava
brachial vein
external jugular vein
Layer of the heart
Fibrous Pericardium: the outer layer of the pericardium, comprised of dense connective tissue, protects the heart, anchors to surrounding walls, and prevents overfilling.
Parietal Pericardium: in a conical sac of fibrous tissue that surrounds the heart and the roots of the great blood vessels and has outer and inner coats.
Pericardium: serous membrane that produces serous fluids to lubricate the heart and prevent friction between the heart.
Myocardium: the muscular layer that contains the cardiac muscle tissue and it makes the majority of the thickness and mass of the heart and it is also responsible for pumping blood.
Endocardium: simple squamous endothelial layer the lines inside of the heart and it is responsible for keeping blood from sticking to the inside of the heart.
Disorders of the cardiovascular system
congenital heart disease
cerebrovascular accident (stroke)
endocarditis and mycarditis
peripheral artery disease (PAD)
myocardial infraction (heart attack)
Major functions of the
cardiovascular system
oxygen
heart, blood, vessels
transport of nutrients
removal of metabolic wastes
Cardiac Cycle
artrial systole: Contracts and pushes blood into the ventricle to facilitate the filling. the AV stays open and the semilunar valves stay closed to keep arterial blood from re entering the heart
ventricular systole: contract to push blood to the aorta and the pulmonary trunk. the pressure of the ventricles force the semi-lunar valves to open and the AV valves to close. the arrangement of valves allows for blood flow from the ventricle into the arteries, and the cardiac muscles of the area repolarizes and enters a state of diastole
relaxation phase: all 4 chambers of the heart are in diastole as blood pours into the heart from the veins, The AV valves open to allow blood to flow freely into the ventricles while the semi-lunar valves close from the great arteries into the ventricles
blood flow through the heart and body
structural and
functional differences between blood vessel types
Veins
contain numerous one direction valves that prevent backflow
Both
The thick outermost layer of a vessel, tunica adventitia or tunica externa, is made connective tissue.
the inner layer, tunica intima, is the thinnest layer and comprised of a single layer of endothelium
Artery
the blood is pumped under pressure from the hear, so that back flow cannot occur.
the middle layer, tunica media, is thicker
Anatomy of the heart
4 chamber
right atrium, left atrium, left ventricle, right ventricle
valves
tricuspid valve, pulmonary semilunar valve, bicuspid valve, aortic valve
intraventricular septum
trabeculae carnae
superior vena cava
pulmonary trunk
left and right pulmonary artery
left and right pulmonary vein
aorta
brachialcephalic artery
left common cartoid
left subclavian artery
apex
intraventricular septum
chordae tendenae
papillary muscle
