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MoranHayleCardiovascularSystem P2 (Blood Flow Through Heart and Body…
MoranHayleCardiovascularSystem P2
Major Functions of Cardiovascular System
Heart
: cardiac muscle tissue
Blood
: plasma liquid portion of blood which has plasma, erythrocytes, leukocytes and thrombocytes
Blood Vessels
: a network of tubes
Anatomy of Heart
Chambers of Heart
: Right Atrium, Right Ventricle, Left Atrium, Left Ventricle
Tricuspid Valve**
: right side of heart
,
Bicuspid Valve
: left side of heart,
,
Aortic Semilunar Valve
: comes before aorta**
Pulmonary Valve
: comes before lungs
Layers of Heart
Epicardium:
Thin layer of C.T.
Myocardium:
Cardiac muscle, the layer that
contracts
Endocardium:
simple squamous epithelium,
continuous with blood vessels
Viscarel Pericardium
: inner layer
Parietal Pericardium
: outer layer that anchors heart
Blood Flow Through Heart and Body
Lungs
Pulmonary Veins
Pulmonary Artery
Left Atrium
Pulmonary Semilunar Valve
Bicuspid Valve
Right Ventricle
Left Ventricle
Tricuspid Valve
Aortic Semilunar Valve
Right Atrium
Aorta
Superior Vena Cava
Back out to rest of body
Major Arteries and Veins
Major Arteries
: Common Carotid, Brachiocephalic Trunk, Ascending Aorta, Brachial, Radial, Ulnar, Subclavian, Aortic Arch, Axillary, Thoracic Aorta, Abdomincal Aorta, Commen illiac, Femeral, Anterior Tibial and Fibular
Major Veins
: Internal Jungular, Brachialcephalic, Superior Vena Cava, Brachial, Ulnar, Radial, Common illiac, Internal illiac, Femoral, Subclavien, Axillary, Inferior illiac, External illiac, Great Saphenous
Structural and Functional Differences Between Blood Vessel Type
Arteries
: carry blood away from the heart. They are adapted to carry high BP and they also become smaller and hen they divide and rise to arteries
Arteriales
: “small artery” which are found between arteries and capillaries and they also get thinners when they approach capillaries
Venules
: “small veins” which connect capillaries & veins
Veins
: return blood towards the heart and it has a flap-like valve to prevent blood flow and it also doesn’t carry High BP
Tunica intima
: endothelium which is the inner lining of the blood vessels
Tunica externa
: outermost fibrous connective tissue
Tunica media:
middle, smooth muscle layer that controls the diameter of blood vessels
Capillaries
: smallest blood vessels and sights. It only has one layer of endothelium and also connects to the arteriales and venules
Capillary Beds
: (interweaving network of capillaries) which consists two types of vessels
Cardiac Cycle and ECG
ECG
:: visible tracing lines of eletrical signs. The EKG has three different waves; P-Wave, T-Wave and QRS Complex . These three generate and transmit eletricall signs during contraction of heart
Cardiac Cycle:
HB is regular and rhythmic and when each beat is complete they call it the cardiac cycle. The average BPM is 72 BPM and it takes about 0.8 seconds long
Disorders or Cardiovascular System
Congenital Disease
: Issues with the heart
Endocarditis & Myocarditis
: inflammation of the heart
Myocardial Infarction
: blow flow goes to part of the heart which then causes a heart attack
Cerebrovascular Accident
: blood flow is interrupted when going to brain which then causes a stroke