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nervous system A+P CH.9 lecture 3 (spinal nerves (connection between CNS…
nervous system A+P CH.9 lecture 3
meninges
protective covering of brain and spinal cord
3 layers
Dura mater
- outer layer, thick fibrous tissue
arachnoid mater
-middle layer, delicate layer, acting as shock absorbers, transporting dissolved gases and nutrients, chemical messengers and waste products
pia mater-
innermost layer, fused to neural tissue, has blood vessels that serve brain and spinal cord
epidural space
between dura mater and vertebral comlumn is spaced filled with fat and blood vessels.
subdural space
between arachnoid mater and dura mater filled with bits of fluid
subarachnoid space
between arachnpis mater and pia mater filled with CSF (acts as fluid cushion)
spinal cord
dived by fissure (deep groove) and sulcus (shallow groove)
divided by white and grey matter horns
regions that have neuron cell bodies
3 types
dorsal horn
sensory functions
ventral horns
motor functions
lateral horns
autonomic functions
left and right halves connected by commissures allowing them to communicate
columns
areas of white matter (has axons running up and down spinal cord to and from brain) acting as nerve tracts, pathways
3 types
dorsal column tract
carries fine touch and vibration information to cerebral cortex
spinothalamic tract
carries temp, pain, and crude touch info to cerebral cortex
spinocerebellar tract
carries info about posture and position to cerebellum
descending pathways
carry motor information down from brain (voluntary movement)
corticospinal tract
carries orders from brain to motor neurons in ventral horn of spinal cord
corticobulbar tract
carries orders from brain to motor neurons in brain stem
reticulospinal and rubrospinal tract
carry information that helps coordinate movement from brain to brain stem and ventral horn of spinal cord
polio
paralysis caused by poiliomyelitis virus
post-polio syndrome (PPS)
progressive weakness appearing several decades after polio infection
neurons are destroyed
recovering function by using few surviving motor neurons to power all muscles
symptoms: upper respiratory or digestive illness
spinal nerves
connection between CNS and world outside
nerves part of PNS
nerves consist of bundles of axons, blood vessels, and connective tissue
run between CNS, organs and tissues carrying info in and out of CNS
connected to spinal cord, carry sensory and motor info