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Fats (Organic compounds made up of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen but they…
Fats
Organic compounds made up of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen but they contain much less oxygen in proportion to hydrogen.
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Carbohydrates
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Monosaccharides: Single sugars like glucose, fructose and galactose.
Test for reducing sugars: A reducing sugar gives a brick-red precipitate when boiled with Benedict's solution. Sucrose is a non-reducing sugar.
Disaccharides: Double sugars like maltose, lactose and sucrose.
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Organic compounds made up of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen in a ratio of 1:2:1.
Proteins
Proteins consist of amino acids linked together by peptide bonds. amino acids > polypeptides > proteins
Organic compounds made up of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen. Sulfur may also be present.
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Water
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In animals, water is a medium for chemical reactions to occur; transport digested food products, excretory products and hormones from one part of the body to another; is an essential part of protoplasm, lubricants digestive juices and blood; is essential for hydrolysis; and helps to regulate body temperature.
In plants, water is essential for photosynthesis; is needed to keep plant cells turgid; transports mineral salts from the roots to the leaves; and transports food substances from the leaves to other parts of the plants