Introduction to
Computer Technologies

Computer is a multipurpose electronic device

Input

Output

A hardware component that allows user to enter input

A hardware component that conveys information from a computer to the user

Computer System

Memory & storage

Hardware

Software

Any parts of the computer that has a physical structure

A collection of instructions that tells the computer how to perform tasks

IPOS

To describes how a computer system work in general

Computer Architecture

Example: System Unit, Screen, Monitor, Speaker, Keyboard

Example: Device Drives, Computer hardware, Operating system

System design

Instruction set architecture

Microarchitecture

Defines the data processing and storage element

Includes the CPU’s functions and capabilities, programming language, data formats, processor register types and instructions used by computer programmers

Includes all the hardware parts

Computer Evolution

First generation computers use vacuum tubes as electronic circuits/ switches

Second generation computers use transistors to replace vacuum tubes as electronic switches

Third generation computers use integrated circuit (IC)

Fourth generation computers use microprocessors