Introduction to
Computer Technologies
Computer is a multipurpose electronic device
Input
Output
A hardware component that allows user to enter input
A hardware component that conveys information from a computer to the user
Computer System
Memory & storage
Hardware
Software
Any parts of the computer that has a physical structure
A collection of instructions that tells the computer how to perform tasks
IPOS
To describes how a computer system work in general
Computer Architecture
Example: System Unit, Screen, Monitor, Speaker, Keyboard
Example: Device Drives, Computer hardware, Operating system
System design
Instruction set architecture
Microarchitecture
Defines the data processing and storage element
Includes the CPU’s functions and capabilities, programming language, data formats, processor register types and instructions used by computer programmers
Includes all the hardware parts
Computer Evolution
First generation computers use vacuum tubes as electronic circuits/ switches
Second generation computers use transistors to replace vacuum tubes as electronic switches
Third generation computers use integrated circuit (IC)
Fourth generation computers use microprocessors