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System Attacks and Threats (Hacking (They can use this access to: (Make…
System Attacks and Threats
Hacking
There are over 375 cyber attacks every hour in the UK
1 in 5 UK citizens have had an online account hacked
A hacker is a person who gets access to a computer without permission
They can use this access to:
Make the computer run different programs
such as a virus or a botnet
Steal information
Damage files by corrupting
or deleting them
A hacker who misuses computers
is known as a black hat hacker
Botnet
In a botnet, a hacker will first infect
machines to make zombie devices
These computers can then be
controlled by one central computer
Botnet comes from robot network
Common uses:
Sending spam
Denial of service attacks
Malware
Malware comes from two words:
Malicious
Software
Malware are executable programs
that run on a computer
One type of malware that
exists is a computer virus
Pharming
Pharming is a way of redirecting a legitimate
websites’ visitors to a fake website run by a hacker
A Domain Name System (DNS) server is what
translates a web address into an IP address
Social Engineering
Social engineering is the ability to obtain
confidential information by asking people for it
Denial of Service
In a denial of service attack, a hacker will
use or infect a computer so that:
It sends as many requests to the server
as it can (known as flood)
The server can't respond fast enough
so slows down or goes offline
In a distributed denial of service attack (DDoS),
many computers are used to send the requests
Shoulder Surfing
Shoulder surfing is the ability to get information or passwords by observing as someone types them in
Looking over someone's shoulder
Using a CCTV camera
Phishing
Emails, texts or phone calls are sent to users
commonly pretending to be from a bank or website
The ‘From’ email address
may be forged
These messages will try to get personal
information such as:
Other personal information
Credit card details
Passwords
Usernames
Phishing is a type of social
engineering technique