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Thermal energy and States of Matter (Thermal Expansion (When the Thermal…
Thermal energy and States of Matter
Solid-Liquid changes of state
Phase Changes: Melting and Freezing
Melting occurs when a solid absorbs thermal energy. The temperature at which matter melts is called its Melting Point.
Freezing occurs when matter releases thermal energy. The temperature at which matter matter freezes is called its Freezing Point.
For a given type of matter, the Freezing and Melting Points are the same. The difference between the two is whether the matter is gaining or releasing thermal energy.
Thermal Expansion
When the Thermal Energy of the matter increases thier particles spread out and the substance expands.
This is almsot true for all matter.
The expansion of matter when it is heated is known as thermal expansion.
When Matter is cooled thermal energy is "realesed"
In an example of Thermal Expansion is called a thermostat, they contain bimetallic strip, when it is heated one side expands more then the other.
Liquids:
Liquids have definite volume and indefinite shape. their particles are very close together but they still take the shape of the container their in. they have
Solids:
Solids particles are in fixed positions which means they cant move. they have definite shape and definite volume.
Gases:
Gas particles are moving very fast and they expand to fill the space they are in. Gas has indefinite shape and indefinite volume.
Liquid-Gas Changes
Evaporation
during this process particles in a liquid, absorb thermal energy and is turned into a gas and is evaporated into the clouds.
Boiling
vaporization can occur below the surface of a liquid this is called boiling.
Condensation
when a gas loses a certain amount of thermal energy, it will change into a liquid this is called condensation.