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HUMAN NUTRITION (ABSORPTION (Villi (1 cell thick, millions for large…
HUMAN NUTRITION
INGESTION
Putting food into the mouth
Physical digestion by teeth
Chemical digestion by enzymes
DIGESTION
Break down food to smaller particles to get assimilated into cells
MECHANICAL - teeth, stomach churning, peristalsis
CHEMICAL - enzymes
mouth = amylase -> starch to maltose pH7
stomach = pepsin -> protein to peptides pH1-2
duodenum = lipase -> lipids to fatty and glycerol pH7
duodenum = bile emulsifies fats to fat droplets pH7
ABSORPTION
Food enters the body across ileum wall into bloodstream
Villi
1 cell thick
millions for large surface area
network of capillaries to carry digested products away
lacteal to carry fats
Hepatic portal vein takes nutrients to liver
fats go lacteal -> lymph vessels -> blood at subclavian vein
water absorbed in COLON
EGESTION
Removal of undigested food products
Colon absorbs water compacting the waste into faeces
Bile
made in the liver
from recycled red blood cells
pigments biliverdin and bilirubin
stored in the gall bladder