Micro Ch16 L1

Innate immunity vs adaptive immunity

1st line-includes skin and mucous membranes

2nd line- phagocytosis and nonspecific chemical defenses

innate immunity isnt always adequate

adaptive immunity

only vertebraes have adaptive immunity

immunologists

5 distinctive attributes-- specificity, inductibility, clonality, unresponsiveness to self, memory

lymphocyte anatomy and physiology

lymphocytes appear identical but when viewed under microscope, 2 main types are B lymphocyte and T lymphoctye

Tissues and organs of lymphatic system

lymphatic vessels control the flow of lymph

lymph

lymphoid cells-tissues and organs which are used directly in adaptive immunity

lymph

colorless watery fluid similarly to plasma of blood

carries toxins and pathogen to areas where lymphocytes are concentrated through lymphatic vessels

collected by very permeable lymphatic

Lymphoid organs

lymphocytes mature in the primary lymphoid organs they fo to secondary lymphoid organs and tissues

each lymph node receives lymph from afferent or inbound vessels and lymph from 1-2 efferent or outbound vessels

lymph node has a middle consisting of a maze of passages that filters the lymph as it goes through

outer portion of lymph node consists ofa capsule surrounding promary follicles where B cells replicate

Tonsils and MALT

tonsisl are on both sides of the tongue and work like the lymph nodes but they dont have afferent or efferent vessels

MALT is most of the bodies lymphocytes

Antigens

adaptive immunity response are directed not against whole bacteria, fungi, protozoa, or viruses but instead against portions of cells, viruses, and even of single molecules

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not every molecule is an effective antigen

molecules shape size and complexity make certain molecules effective at provoking adaptive immunity

components of bacterial cell walls, capsules, pili, flagella, external and internal proteins of viruses, fungi, and protozoa