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PANAMA HISTORY (Unit 2. The Spanish Conquest (2.4. Santa María de la…
PANAMA HISTORY
Unit 2. The Spanish Conquest
2.4. Santa María de la Antigua De Darién Foundation
It was the first city founded in Tierra Firme, on the American continent, located in the Caribbean Sea; in the Darién region, currently between Panama and Colombia.
It was founded by Vasco Núñez de Balboa in
1510
2.3. The Governments of Nueva Andalucía and Castilla de Oro
The Crown initiated a plan for the conquest and colonization of the continental territories that had been incorporated
during various explorations.
2.2. Arrival of the Spaniards to Panama
Christopher Columbus arrives on Panamanian coasts during his fourth trip, in which he travels from the Cape Thank God in Honduras to the Isthmus of Panama.
2.1. The Colombian Epic
2.5. Misfortunes of Governor Diego de Nicuesa
While NICUESA faced the indigenous people in the immediate vicinity of
2.9. Foundation of the cities of Panama and Nombre de Dios
2.10. Indigenous resistance against the Spanish
2.6. Discovery of the South Sea
The unexpected news of a new sea rich in gold was taken into account by Núñez de Balboa.
2.12. Panama and the conquest of Peru
2.7. The government of Pedro Arias De Dávila
While the events of the discovery of the South Sea were taking place, the Crown had appointed a new Governor for Castilla de Oro.
2.11. Expeditions of conquest to other points of the Isthmus
2.8. The First Diocese of Tierra Firme
2.13. The Duchy of Veraguas
2.14. Studies for the opening of a channel in the Isthmus
Unit 3. The Colonial Era
3.3. The Parcel System
the Crown established the system of
deliveries and parcels
3.4. Crown rebels attack Panama
In order to ensure that the Crown could not stifle the uprising of the encomenderos in Peru, GONZALO PIZARRO arranged to take the They agreed to the Isthmus of Panama on the expedition of Governor DIEGO DE at the discretion of LUIS A. DIEZ CASTILLO, the first NICUESA slaves, who worked to raise the Name of God.
.
3.2. The Royal Audience of Panama
Through Royal Decree of February 26, 1538, Emperor CARLOS V ordered the creation of an Audience in Panama, which became the third in the continent.
3.5. Introduction of Blacks in Panama
They agreed to the Isthmus of Panama on the expedition of Governor DIEGO DE at the discretion of LUIS A. DIEZ CASTILLO, the first NICUESA slaves, who worked to raise the Name of God.
3.1. The Colonial Regime
Panama was part of the Spanish Empire between 1538 and 1821
Unidad 5. La Época Republicana
5.3. Primer cuarto del siglo XX (1903 – 1925)
El primer cuarto del siglo XX significó para Panamá de una sucesión de hechos decisivos e importantes tales como
son
Separación de Panamá de Colombia
· Formación del Gobierno Provisional
· Los Tratados del Canal de Panamá
· La Constitución de 1904
5.4. Formación del Gobierno Provisional
5.2. Separación de Panamá de Colombia
5.5. Los Tratados del Canal de Panamá
Inmediatamente después de la separación, la Junta Provisional de Gobierno, como ya dijimos, nombró a Philippe Bunau Varilla como Ministro Plenipotenciario de Panamá en Washington , para negociar el Tratado del Canal.
5.1. El Canal de Panamá
A partir de entonces, organizó una campaña de salud pública para controlar las epidemias de enfermedades tropicales, como la malaria y la fiebre amarilla.
Unit 1. Pre-Columbian Panama
1.2. Location and geographical conditions
According to information from the Smithsonian Institute
the first inhabitants settled in the Panamanian isthmus approximately
About 11,000 years.
1.3. Manifestaciones culturales y costumbres sociales
They are reflected in the following aspects:
Depopulation
Colonization
farming
Hunting, fishing and gathering
Village life
Domain, rivalry and territoriality
Male power
Artifacts and territories: a difficult issue to interpret
Ceremonial centers
The care of the ancestors
1.1. Prehistoric Stages
According to the Panamanian anthropologist, QUEEN TORRES DE ARAUZ
The Isthmus has served from the moment of its geological birth, as a passage and bridge of the diverse cultures of the North, the South and the Caribbean
The ANIBAL PASTOR NUÑEZ researcher
He points out that the settlement of
Isthmus of Panama occurred between 11,000 and 10,000 B.C.
is divided into four stages
HUNTING, COLLECTION AND FISHING (10,000 to 3,000 BC)
TRAINING AGRICULTURE (3,000 to 1,500 B.C.)
AGRICULTURE ESTABLISHED (1,500 to 300 B.C.)
EXTENSIVE AGRICULTURE (300 BC until the Conquest).
1.4. Aboriginal groups
According to Dr. RICHARD COOKE, of the Smithsonian Institute
The first evidence of human groups in Panama goes back to
approximately 11,000 years.
From this time classic stone tools have been found:
like spearheads
scrapers, knives to kill, skin and dismantle already extinct mammals.
Unit 4. The Departmental Era
4.2. The Anfictionic Congress of Panama
The anfictionía assured solutions that had a vigorous support and contributed to the harmony between the peoples and the stability of their institutions.
4.3. Separatist Attempts
The political chaos in Gran Colombia was due to Venezuela, Ecuador, seeking their independence and separating themselves from the confederation.
4.1. Creation of the Isthmus Department
The spontaneous incorporation of the Panamanian territory to the Great Colombia gives reason to that the Executive of that country issued the decree of February 9, 1822, by which it was created with "the provinces to which and extended under the Spanish government the old General Command from Panama, with the limits that the Department had.
4.4. Tomás Herrera and the State of the Isthmus
ado del Istmo
On November 19, 1840, Tomás Herrera proclaimed the Isthmus Free State and conditions the reinstatement of New Granada into the federal system.
Unit 6. Panama in the 20th Century
6.2. Porras and the Modernization of the Republic 1912-1924
Progress to the extreme (1912-1916) When Porras assumed the presidency in 1912, the public debt was one million balboas and the state coffers were empty.
6.3. Chiarismo and its Consequences 1924-1932
A nation in debt and in the process of modernization In the elections of 1924 Rodolfo Chiari was elected, the official candidate against General Manuel Quintero Villarreal, the hero of Coto.
6.1. The Republican Initiation 1904-1912
When in November 1903, Panama emerged into independent life, it had approximately 300,000 inhabitants, not including indigenous peoples.
6.4. The Return to the Traditional Model 1932-1936
When in October 1932 Harmodio Arias assumed the presidency of the Republic, the country was experiencing one of the worst economic crises in its history, as a result of the fall of the New York Stock Exchange in 1929 and the consequent worldwide depression.