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international competitiveness (firm levels (Geography, People,…
international
competitiveness
can be analyzed at different levels, such as firm, industry, and country
EX ANTE
COMPETITIVENESS
Natural and sources of the MNE´s competitive advantage
EX POST
COMPETITIVENESS
Market and economic performance in foreign markets
Competitiveness as a driver
Internal sources of competitive advantage can be examined with either a static or a
dynamic approach
positional advantage derives
from ownership or access-based resources
kinetical advantage derives from a
firm’s knowledge, capabilities, and expertise.
Competitiveness as an outcome
Superior economic or market performance is commonly considered to be an indicator of
competitive advantage
increasing
globalization allegedly tends to make competition homogeneous worldwide.
firm levels
Geography
People
Relationships
Capital
Resources
Revenues